Abstract: The construction of hydraulic engineering has blocked the connectivity of rivers. Fish are vulnerable to injury and death when passing through hydropower stations. Using electric fields in water to drive fish away from the hazardous area and to redirect them into the fishway can reduce the probability of fish injury and improve the effect of the fishway. Electric fish driving is a new technology with remarkable driving effect and infinite potential, which has farreaching significance for fish protection. Fish are sensitive to the electric field in the water. Especially, when the electrical parameters are changed, the fish will respond differently in the electric field. By selecting appropriate electrical parameters and adjusting the electrode orientation, the electric field in water can play an important role in driving fish and guiding fish to some extent. The effect of electric fish driving is affected by many factors, including species identity, body length, conductivity, water temperature, and flow rate. We discussed the future development direction and application prospects of electric fish driving technology based on the present situation of electric fish driving. Considering current problems in electric fish driving technology, we proposed that the technology can be developed in the direction of cost reduction and intelligentization, which provides reference for the further development of electric fish driving technology.

Key words: electric fish driving, electric field in water, fish behavior.