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Chinese Journal of Ecology ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 2024-2032.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202107.027

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Responses of dry matter accumulation, nitrogen utilization and yield of table corn to new slow-release fertilizers.

XIE Ting-ting1,2, ZHAO Huan2*,XIAO Hou-jun2, CHEN Yun-mei1, QIN Song2, HU Gang2   

  1. (1Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550006; 2Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agricultural Environment (Guizhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang 550006, China).
  • Online:2021-07-10 Published:2021-07-09

Abstract: To screen a new slow-release fertilizer suitable for table corn planting in yellow soil area of Guizhou, a pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of different new slow-release fertilizers on dry matter accumulation, biological traits, total nitrogen accumulation, photosynthetic characteristics, nitrogen use efficiency, yield and yield components of table corn, with four treatments of no N (T1), conventional fertilization (T2), coated slow-release fertilizer (T3) and stable slow-release fertilizer (T4). Results showed that both slowrelease fertilizers improved corn yield. The coated slow release fertilizer got the highest yield, reaching 65.31 g·plant-1. In the corn harvest period, dry matter accumulation of table corn with coated slowrelease fertilizer was the highest (127.89 g·plant-1), being significantly higher than that of another new slow release fertilizer. Plant height and stem diameter of table corn followed the sequence of stable slowrelease fertilizer > coated slowrelease fertilizer. The ear height and chlorophyll presented as coated slowrelease fertilizer > stable slowrelease fertilizer. The difference between the two slowrelease fertilizers was not significant. Except for 100kernel weight, the application of coated slowrelease fertilizer was the best for all yield components. The total nitrogen accumulation of corn gradually transferred from leaf and stem to grain along with growth period. The coated slowrelease fertilizer treatment got the highest in the harvest period, accounting for 58.2% of the whole plant. Nitrogen agronomic efficiency, partial productivity and apparent utilization rate were the highest in coated slow-release fertilizer treatment, which were 13.73 g·g-1, 17.42 g·g-1, and 68.49%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two new slow-release fertilizers. The application of new slowrelease fertilizers significantly improved the photosynthetic characteristics of table corn, with Pn, Tr and Gs reached the peak at jointing stage. In conclusion, coatedslow release fertilizer had positive effects on dry matter accumulation, biological characters, yield components, photosynthetic characteristics, total nitrogen accumulation, fertilizer utilization rate, and yield of table corn. Therefore, coated slow-release fertilizer is suitable for high yielding cultivation of table corn in Guizhou yellow soil area.

Key words: nitrogen utilization, yield, new slow-release fertilizer, dry matter accumulation.