关键词: 红外相机, 鸟类多样性, 兽类多样性, 活动节律

Abstract: Urban parks with a certain area play an important role in the conservation of urban wildlife diversity. Understanding the activity rhythm of major species in the parks can provide important theoretical basis for biodiversity conservation and eco-tourism development. Aha Lake National Wetland Park is the largest urban park in Guiyang City. To further understand the diversity of mammals and birds and grasp the behavioral rhythm of major species in Aha Lake National Wetland Park, we deployed 30 camera monitoring sites from December 2019 to August 2022 to record the animals and activity rhythm of common species. We detected a total of 80 species of mammals and birds, including 17 species of mammals in 11 families, and 6 orders, and 63 species of birds in 27 families, and nine orders, among them, 12 species of birds were newly recorded in the park. There were two national level I key protected species (Moschus berezovskii and Viverricula indica) and nine national level II key protected species (including Prionailurus bengalensis and Chrysolophus pictus). Different species varied in daily activity rhythms. Dremomys pernyi was diurnal, and its activity was concentrated in the morning in spring and autumn, while it tended to be more active in the afternoon in winter. P. bengalensis was mainly nocturnal, with the intensity of daily activity being relatively stable throughout the year. There was no significant difference in daily activity rhythm among different seasons. Melogale moschata and Paguma larvata were typical nocturnal animals. The activity rhythm of M. moschata varied significantly among different seasons, with main activity being concentrated in daytime in winter. There was a significant difference in activity rhythm of P. larvata between autumn and winter, and it tended to be active in the first half of the night in winter. Among the birds with higher relative abundance index, C. pictus and Leiothrix lutea were diurnal birds. The diurnal activity intensity of C. pictus in spring and summer was higher than that in autumn and winter, and there was no significant difference in daily activity rhythm of L. lutea in different seasons. This study is of great significance to urban wildlife conservation in the park in Guiyang City. It provides a useful reference for in-depth exploration of community assembly and disturbance adaptation of urban wildlife.

Key words: camera trap, diversity of birds, diversity of mammals, activity rhythm