关键词: 采石场废弃地, 植被恢复, 地形因子, 土壤养分

Abstract: We analyzed vegetation restoration effects and influencing factors under different restoration modes of the abandoned quarry in Dashiwo Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, on the basis of field investigation, principal component analysis, redundancy analysis, and correlation analysis. There were 33 plant species from 17 families and 32 genera in the abandoned quarry, mainly herbaceous species. Gramineae and Compositae had the most species, and the dominant species were Medicago sativa, Artemisia annua, and Setaria viridis. The natural restoration area and the untreated area had high species diversity and richness but low vegetation coverage, while the artificial restoration area had high coverage and biomass but poor species diversity. The vegetation restoration effect of different terrains with the same restoration mode followed a pattern of lower slope > middle slope > upper slope, and the flat land was better than the slope. Soil nutrient contents were positively correlated with vegetation coverage and biomass, and negatively correlated with species number, diversity index, evenness index and richness index. The correlation between available phosphorus and vegetation coverage was the strongest, while soil nutrients were mainly affected by restoration modes. Restoration mode had a significant impact on vegetation restoration effect, with the largest impact on vegetation coverage (r=0.940). Topographic factors had a small impact, and the slope position and slope had the largest impact on the richness index (r=0.633, -0.656, respectively). In the future, the combination of natural restoration and artificial restoration can be applied in abandoned quarry areas. More native plant species can be selected for seed spraying, combined with seedling techniques to increase species diversity and improve community stability. The results provide a theoretical basis for guiding ecological restoration of mines and improving the effect of vegetation restoration in the future.

Key words: quarry abandoned land, vegetation restoration, topographic factor, soil nutrient