水氮耦合对辣木生长特性的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202102.022

生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 363-372.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202102.022

水氮耦合对辣木生长特性的影响

彭钟通^1,2,林佳娜¹,刘丽³,陈轶群¹,王艺颖¹,张远东²,曾曙才¹,莫其锋^1*

（¹华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院，广州 510642；²中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所，国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室，北京 100091；³梅州市林业科学研究所，广东梅州 514011）

出版日期:2021-02-10 发布日期:2021-07-09

The coupling effects of water and nitrogen addition on the growth characteristics of Moringa oleifera. #br#

PENG Zhong-tong^1,2, LIN Jia-na¹, LIU Li³, CHEN Yi-qun¹, WANG Yi-ying¹, ZHANG Yuan-dong², ZENG Shu-cai¹, MO Qi-feng^1*

(¹College of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; ²Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; ³Meizhou Institute of Forestry, Meizhou 514011, Guangdong, China).

Online:2021-02-10 Published:2021-07-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 辣木（Moringa oleifera）具有重要的经济价值。土壤水分及氮素有效性对辣木生长具有显著影响。以辣木‘PKM I’品种为研究材料，于华南农业大学资源环境学院生态学教学实验基地温室内进行盆栽试验，试验设置3个水分：分别为田间饱和持水量的40%(W1)、60%(W2）、80%(W3)，以及4个氮水平：0 g·株^-1(N0)、0.6 g·株^-1(N1)、1.8 g·株^-1(N2）、3.6 g·株^-1(N3)，两者组合成12种处理，以探究水氮耦合作用对辣木生长、生物量累积及分枝格局的影响。结果表明：（1）在低氮（N1）水平下，辣木苗高和地径生长总体优于其他处理，高氮和高水会抑制辣木生长。（2）在辣木分枝格局方面，低水条件下，各级枝长、总体分枝率、逐步分枝率都随着氮水平增加而下降；含水量较大时，中等氮水平比较适宜辣木的快速生长。（3）高氮降低辣木各器官的生物量；在不施氮条件下，辣木生物量随水量增加而减少。（4）在综合形态方面，W1N3处理显著增加辣木根冠比（root/shoot ratio, R/S）。纤弱指数(slenderness index, SI)在W2N2最低，说明其生长质量最好。体积指数(bulk index, BI)在中等氮水平均高于其他处理，其中W2N1处理值最高，而Dickson质量指数(Dickson quality index, DQI)则在W2N2处理下最大。研究结果表明，适宜的水氮组合可以有效促进辣木的生长及生物量的累积。

关键词: 辣木, 水氮耦合, 生长, 生物量, 综合形态

Abstract: Moringa oleiferahas important economic value. The availability of soil water and nitrogen is of great significance for their growth. In this study, we examined the coupling effects of soil water and nitrogen addition on the growth and biomass accumulation of Moringa oleifera ‘PKM I’ in the greenhouse of the Experimental Base of Ecology Teaching, College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University. There were three water levels, including 40% (W1), 60% (W2), 80% (W3) of field water holding capacity, and four nitrogen levels, including 0 g·plant^-1 (N0), 0.6 g·plant^-1 (N1), 1.8 g·plant^-1 (N2), and 3.6 g·plant^-1 (N3), resulting in 12 treatments. The results showed that: (1) The height and basal diameter of Moringa oleifera-under low N level (N1) were generally higher than those under other treatments, whereas high N and W levels inhibited growth. (2) With respect to the branching pattern, under low W level, the branch length at each level, the overall branching rate, and the stepwise branching rate decreased with increased N fertilization level. The medium N fertilization following the higher W level was optimal for the fast growth of Moringa oleifera. (3) The biomass of Moringa oleiferadecreased under the high N level. Under no N addition, the biomass of Moringa oleiferawould decrease with the increasing W level. (4) In terms of comprehensive morphology, the W1N3 treatment significantly increased the root/shoot ratio (R/S). The slenderness index (SI) under W2N2 treatment was the lowest, indicating the best growth quality. Bulk index (BI) under the medium N level was higher than under other treatments, with the highest value under the W2N1 treatment. The Dickson quality index (DQI) under W2N2 treatment was the highest. These results suggest that suitable combination of water and N fertilizer could efficiently enhance the growth and biomass accumulation of Moringa oleifera.

Key words: Moringa oleifera, water and nitrogen coupling, growth, biomass, comprehensive morphology.

彭钟通, 林佳娜, 刘丽, 陈轶群, 王艺颖, 张远东, 曾曙才, 莫其锋. 水氮耦合对辣木生长特性的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(2): 363-372.

PENG Zhong-tong, LIN Jia-na, LIU Li, CHEN Yi-qun, WANG Yi-ying, ZHANG Yuan-dong, ZENG Shu-cai, MO Qi-feng. The coupling effects of water and nitrogen addition on the growth characteristics of Moringa oleifera. #br#[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2021, 40(2): 363-372.

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水氮耦合对辣木生长特性的影响

The coupling effects of water and nitrogen addition on the growth characteristics of Moringa oleifera. #br#

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