磷石膏堆场渗漏影响下岩溶地下水地球化学过程

生态学杂志

磷石膏堆场渗漏影响下岩溶地下水地球化学过程

查学芳^1,2,覃应机¹,吴攀^1,2*,韩志伟^1,2,李学先¹,叶慧君¹,李玲³

（¹贵州大学资源与环境工程学院，国土资源部喀斯特环境与地质灾害重点实验室，贵阳 550025；²贵州省普通高等学校矿山环境污染过程与控制特色重点实验室，贵阳 550025；³中国科学院地球化学研究所，贵阳 550081）

出版日期:2018-06-10 发布日期:2018-06-10

Geochemical process of karst groundwater as affected by the leakage of phosphogypsum stock dump.

ZHA Xue-fang^1,2, QIN Ying-ji¹, WU Pan^1,2*, HAN Zhi-wei^1,2, LI Xue-xian¹, YE Hui-jun¹, LI Ling³

(¹College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University; Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources, Guiyang 550025, China; ²Key Laboratory of Process and Control of Mining Environmental Pollution, Colleges and Universities in Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China; ³Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Journal of Ecology, Guiyang 550081, China).

Online:2018-06-10 Published:2018-06-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过分析贵州省福泉市马场坪镇磷石膏堆场渗滤液及周边地下水水化学组成，运用主成分分析法探究地下水污染来源，结合PHREEQC反向模拟推测渗滤液渗漏影响下岩溶地下水地球化学过程。结果表明，渗滤液呈强酸性，EC高达8750 μS·cm^-1，渗滤液中特征污染物以TP、SO₄^2-、F^-为主，渗滤液的性质主要与湿法制磷酸工艺有关。研究区发财洞方向（G1）地下水受磷石膏堆场渗漏影响，TP、SO₄^2-、F^-远超过GB 3838—2002和GB/T 14848—93规定的限值，龙井方向（G10）地下水受周边磷肥厂、废弃普钙厂影响可能性较大，呈现出SO₄^2-所占比例逐渐增大、HCO₃^-逐渐减小的趋势，水化学类型变为SO₄-Ca型；其余采样点地下水水化学类型为HCO₃-Ca型，主要来自自然地质背景下地下水和含水介质的水岩反应。模拟显示，渗滤液渗漏至地下水系统的过程中，加速了水岩反应及岩溶发育，渗滤液中的PO₄^3-、Fe进入地下水系统后，在一定反应条件下，可能形成羟磷灰石、Fe(OH)₃、蓝铁矿沉淀。

关键词: 微波, 千米级蒸散, 相似理论, 结构参数, 近红外波

Abstract: We measured the hydrochemical composition of leachate in phosphogypsum stock dumps and the surrounding groundwater in Mapingchang Town, Fuquan City, Guizhou Province, analyzed the pollution source of groundwater by principal component analysis, and then inferred the geochemical process of karst groundwater under the influence of leachate leakage by PHREEQC inverse modeling. Results showed that the leachate was strongly acidic. EC of the leachate was as high as 8750 μS·cm^-1. The main pollutants were TP, SO₄^2- and F^-. The leachate characteristics were mainly related to the wet phosphoric acid process. Facaidong groundwater (G1) was affected by the leakage from phosphogypsum stock dump, TP, SO₄^2- and F^- in which were much higher than the prescribed limit of GB 3838-2002 and GB/T 3838-93. Longjing groundwater (G10) was probably influenced by the surrounding factories (phosphate fertilizer factories and abandoned ordinary superphosphate factories). Both sites showed increasing SO₄^2- and decreasing HCO₃^-, and the hydrochemical type became SO₄-Ca. The rest of the sampling sites were HCO₃-Ca type, mainly from the natural geological waterrock reaction. The results from PHREEQC simulation showed that leachate speeded up the waterrock reaction and karst development. After PO₄^3- and Fe entered groundwater system, the hydroxyapatite, Fe(OH)₃, and vivianite would be formed under certain reaction conditions.

Key words: structure parameter, kilometer-scale evapotranspiration., similarity theory, microwave, near infrared

查学芳,覃应机,吴攀,韩志伟,李学先,叶慧君,李玲. 磷石膏堆场渗漏影响下岩溶地下水地球化学过程[J]. 生态学杂志.

ZHA Xue-fang, QIN Ying-ji, WU Pan, HAN Zhi-wei, LI Xue-xian, YE Hui-jun, LI Ling. Geochemical process of karst groundwater as affected by the leakage of phosphogypsum stock dump.[J]. cje.

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