Abstract: A field experiment was conducted in 2015 to investigate the effects of different organicinorganic fertilizer combination ratios on nutrient loss with surface runoff and rice yield in a wheatrice double cropping system. The rice cultivar of Wuyunjing 29 was fieldgrown. Five treatments including single chemical fertilizer application (M1), and 25% organic fertilizer (M2), 50% organic fertilizer (M3), 75% organic fertilizer (M4), 100% organic fertilizer (M5) instead of chemical fertilizer with equivalent nitrogen substitution were designed. The results showed that the rice yield was the highest in M3 treatment, due to the obvious increase of spikelet number per panicle and the relative increase of effective panicles. Total surface runoff of farmland was 3.6× 10³ m³·hm^-2 in rice season. Total N loss from surface runoff was in gradual decline from M1 to M5 treatment; compared with M1 and M2 treatment, M3 treatment significantly decreased total N loss. However, total P and K losses were in gradual increase from M1 to M5 treatment; total P or K loss of M3 treatment was significantly lower than that of M4 and M5. Total N and K loss rates of surface runoff were in gradual decline, but total P loss rate was in gradual increase from M1 to M5 treatment, with average loss rates of different treatments being 4.52%, 1.13% and 5.68% for N, P and K, respectively. Compared with M1 treatment, M3 treatment ensured high rice yield, decreased surface runoff total N loss and loss rate, and slightly increased total P loss and loss rate. Therefore, M3 treatment was an appropriate ratio of organic fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer.