狼尾草属植物生物学特性、生态适应性、观赏性和入侵风险关系的探讨

生态学杂志

狼尾草属植物生物学特性、生态适应性、观赏性和入侵风险关系的探讨

陈超^1,2,袁小环^1,2,滕文军^1,2,杨学军^1,2,武菊英^1,2*#br#

（¹北京草业与环境研究发展中心，北京 100097； ^2农业部都市农业（北方）重点实验室，北京 100097）

出版日期:2017-02-10 发布日期:2017-02-10

Biological characteristics, ecological adaptability, ornamentality, and invasion risk of Pennisetum species.

CHEN Chao^1,2, YUAN Xiao-huan^1,2, TENG Wen-jun^1,2, YANG Xue-jun^1,2, WU Ju-ying^1,2*#br#

(¹ Beijing Research and Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing 100097, China; ²Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China).

Online:2017-02-10 Published:2017-02-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过大田观测对12种狼尾草属植物的繁殖能力、生态适应性和观赏性进行评价，并结合资料调研，采用2种风险评估体系，即中欧风险评估体系（WG-WRA）和澳大利亚（或新西兰）杂草风险评估体系（WRA），对其进行风险评估。结果表明：2种风险评估有较为相似的结果，50%以上的种类（包括品种）其入侵分值超过20分，具有中度Ⅱ及中度以上入侵风险；其中，狼尾草（Pennisetum alopecuroides）具有非常高的入侵风险，入侵等级为高度风险Ⅲ，2种风险评估分值分别为32分和29分。相关性分析表明：狼尾草属植物对环境的适应能力对其入侵风险具有重要贡献，适应性广、抗逆性强（抗寒性、抗旱性、抗病虫害）的种类其入侵风险更高；狼尾草属植物的有性繁殖能力和入侵风险也具有明显的正相关关系。种子产量高的种类其入侵风险较高，例如狼尾草；种子产量较低的种类其入侵风险相对较低，例如绒毛狼尾草（P. villosum）和东方狼尾草（P. orientale）。本研究表明，狼尾草属植物的观赏性和其入侵风险呈现负相关趋势。

Abstract: With a field survey, we compared reproductive capacity, ecological adaptability and ornamental value of 12 Pennisetum species. Combined with available literature, we assessed the potential invasion risk for Pennisetum species using the Australia or New Zealand (WRA) weed risk assessment system and risk assessment system in central Europe (WG-WRA). The results showed that two risk assessment protocols had similar results. More than 50% of all species (including cultivars) had at least a moderate invasion risk (scores of more than 20 points), whereas P. alopecuroides had a high risk (32 and 29 points by the two protocols, respectively). Correlation analysis showed that Pennisetum species had a positive relationship between environmental adaptability and invasion risk, and presented a high risk of invasion with wide adaptability and strong resistance (cold resistance, drought resistance, disease and insect resistance). In addition, sexual reproductive capacity had a positive correlation with invasion risk. Higher seed yield meant a higher invasion risk for species, such as P. alopecuroides, while Pennisetum species with low seed production presented a less invasion risk, such as P. villosum and P. orientale. However, invasion risk of Pennisetum species was negatively correlated with the ornamental value.

陈超1,2,袁小环1,2,滕文军1,2,杨学军1,2,武菊英1,2*. 狼尾草属植物生物学特性、生态适应性、观赏性和入侵风险关系的探讨[J]. 生态学杂志.

CHEN Chao1,2, YUAN Xiao-huan1,2, TENG Wen-jun1,2, YANG Xue-jun1,2, WU Ju-ying1,2*. Biological characteristics, ecological adaptability, ornamentality, and invasion risk of Pennisetum species.[J]. cje.