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天津于桥水库流域典型景观类型时空演变分析

陈萍1,李崇巍1**,王中良1,2,孟伟庆1,包姗姗1,谢慧君1   

  1. (1天津师范大学城市与环境科学学院, 天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室, 天津 300387; 2中国科学院地球化学研究所,
    环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳 550002)
  • 出版日期:2015-01-10 发布日期:2015-01-10

Spatiotemporal patterns of typical landscapes in the Yuqiao watershed, Tianjin.

CHEN Ping1, LI Chong-wei1**, WANG Zhong-liang1,2, MENG Wei-qing1, BAO Shan-shan1, XIE Hui-jun1   

  1. (1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; 2State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China)
  • Online:2015-01-10 Published:2015-01-10

摘要:

流域典型景观类型变化影响着流域生态水文过程,从而也关乎流域水环境安全。本研究以天津于桥水库流域为例,基于5期不同的卫星影像,利用轨迹分析及景观格局指数等方法,研究流域土地利用变化轨迹模型以及研究时间段内典型景观类型的空间分布格局及近30年的演变过程。结果表明:1984—2013年于桥水库流域景观格局变化显著,城镇、园地和草地增加明显,林地、耕地减少显著,林地面积减幅达50%;30年来流域土地利用变化面积占整个流域面积的63.11%,其中,人为因素引起的变化轨迹占所有变化轨迹的96.65%,变化类型主要包括耕地-城镇-林地-耕地/园地、林地-草地等的转化,变化轨迹主要分布于北部丘陵与北部平原等地区;典型景观类型的变化趋势与整个流域变化趋势基本一致,各景观类型破碎化程度总体呈上升趋势,连通性降低,景观多样性缓慢上升,景观格局异质性变高。

 

关键词: 生长阶段, 土壤微生物生物量碳, 土壤理化性质, 植被恢复

Abstract: Changes in typical landscapes have an important influence on the ecohydrological processes and thus water environment security at the watershed scale. In this study, we adopted land use/cover change trajectories in combination with landscape ecology approaches, to investigate the spatiotemporal variability in typical landscapes of Yuqiao watershed, Tianjin during the past 30 years based on Landsat MSS images from 1984 to 2013. The land use/covers exhibit remarkable changes, with 50% and 33% decreases in woodland and farmland, respectively. The changes in land use/cover occur largely in north hilly and northern plain regions, representing about 63.11% of the whole watershed, of which about 96.65% of changes is caused by human activity. The variation of typical landscapes has a similar pattern to that of the whole watershed, exhibiting an overall upward trend in landscape fragmentation for each landscape type with lowered connectivity. The landscape diversity reveals a trend of gradual increase and the heterogeneity of landscape pattern is enhanced.

Key words: vegetation restoration, soil microbial biomass carbon, soil physical-chemical property, growth stage