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乡村生态用地综合识别与分类

费建波1,2,夏建国1*,欧定华1,舒向阳1,胡佳3   

  1. (1四川农业大学资源学院, 成都 611130;2四川省国土整治中心, 成都 610041;3四川省广元市利州区农业农村局, 四川广元 628000)
  • 出版日期:2020-03-10 发布日期:2020-03-10

Integrated identification and classification of rural ecological land.

FEI Jian-bo1,2, XIA Jian-guo1*, OU Ding-hua1, SHU Xiang-yang1, HU Jia3   

  1. (1College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; 2Center of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation in Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China; 3Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Lizhou District of Sichuan Province, Guangyuan 628000, Sichuan, China).
  • Online:2020-03-10 Published:2020-03-10

摘要: 以川中丘陵区为例,从乡村生态用地的资源特征、形态特征、功能特征3个方面选取生态敏感性、生境质量等10个指标构建乡村生态用地辨识指标体系,开展乡村生态用地综合识别与分类研究。结果表明:辨识指标体系较全面反映了乡村生态用地特征,可以将生态功能强、生境质量高的生态用地和不适宜纳入生态用地范畴的非生态用地同时辨识出来,方法具有可行性;研究区核心、辅助和底线3种生态用地面积分别占土地总面积的20.48%、34.41%和41.16%,核心生态用地以林地、草地和水域为主,辅助和底线生态用地均以耕地为主;研究区生态用地空间分布均衡性表现为辅助生态用地>底线生态用地>核心生态用地>非生态用地,空间分布差异性则与地势(东北高、西南低)走向基本一致;土地利用/覆被类型与乡村生态用地类型之间呈现出一对多的相互关系,主要是由人类活动程度、地质灾害空间分布和地形地貌的差异等原因造成。本研究可以为构建区域生态安全格局、优化土地利用方式、协调区域生产发展和生态保护之间的矛盾提供参考和借鉴,丰富和发展空间规划学、乡村地理学的内容。

Abstract: Urban land has long been the hotspot of ecological land research, while rural ecological land has gradually been valued in recent years. In this study, 10 indicators including ecological sensitivity and habitat quality were selected from three aspects: resource characteristics, morphological characteristics and functional characteristics of rural ecological land to construct a rural ecological land identification index system, and to make comprehensive identification and classification of rural ecological land in the hilly area of central Sichuan Province. The identification index system comprehensively reflects the characteristics of rural ecological land use, and can identify ecological land with strong ecological function as well as high habitat quality and nonecological land that is not suitable for inclusion in the category of ecological land. Core, auxiliary and baseline ecological land accounted for 20.48%, 34.41% and 41.16% of the study area, respectively. The core ecological land was mainly consisted of forest land, grassland and waterarea, while the auxiliary and baseline ecological land were mainly consisted of cultivated land. The spatial distribution of ecological land in the study area is characterized by auxiliary ecological land > baseline ecological land > core ecological land > non-ecological land, and the spatial distribution difference is basically consistent with the terrain (high in the northeast, and low in the southwest). There is a one to many relationship between land use/cover type and rural ecological land type, which is mainly caused by the degree of human activity, spatial distribution of geological hazards and differences in topography. Our results can provide references for constructing regional pattern for ecological security, optimizing land use mode, coordinating the contradiction between regional production development and ecological protection, enriching the contents of spatial planning and rural geography.