Abstract: Pure moso bamboo (Phyllostachy edulis) forest and P. edulis-Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest are the main forest types in the hilly regions of central Hunan Province. In this paper, the vertical distribution and seasonal dynamics of soil total organic carbon and soil active organic carbons including microbial biomass carbon (MBC), hot waterextractable carbon (HWC), watersoluble organic carbon (WSOC), and readily oxidizable carbon (ROC) in the two forest types were examined. Compared with pure P. edulis forest, P. edulis-C. lanceolata mixed forest had higher storage of soil total organic carbon and soil active organic carbons. The storage of soil total organic carbon, MBC, HWC, WSOC, and ROC in P. edulis-C. lanceolata mixed forest was 1.20, 1.74, 1.35, 1.15, and 1.27 times higher than those in pure P. edulis forest, respectively, and primarily distributed in the upper soil layer (0-20 cm). There existed a seasonal difference in the storage of different forms of soil organic carbon. For example, the storage of soil total organic carbon was the highest in January and the lowest in October, that of soil MBC was the highest in July and the lowest in January, soil ROC had the highest storage in October and the lowest storage in April, while the storage of soil WSOC was obviously higher in January than in other months. Compared with pure P. edulis forest, P. edulis-C. lanceolata mixed forest had higher ratios of each form of soil active organic carbon to soil total organic carbon, but had poor stability of soil carbon pool. In the storage of soil total organic carbon, soil ROC had the highest proportion, followed by soil MBC, WSOC, and HWC, being 18.85%-19.93%, 0.34%-0.49%, 0.24%-0.25%, and 0.19%-0.22%, respectively. The soil total organic carbon had positive correlations with all the soil active organic carbon forms, and there existed significant positive correlations between soil ROC and MBC, soil ROC and HWC, soil MBC and HWC, and soil HWC and WSOC.