木本植物的构型及其在植物生态学研究的进展

摘要/Abstract

关键词: 流沙压埋, 蒸发, 盐分表聚, 水盐分布, 咸水滴灌, 塔克拉玛干沙漠

Abstract: Major contents of plant architecture and branching patterns within the crown are reviewed in this paper.Plant architecture is the basis for understanding of species morphological diversity.Major researches on branching patterns include not only development and growth of shoot and bifurcation density,but also the relationships between them and genetical mechanism,meristems and environmental change.To study the distribution of different modules at the level of shoot and their integration has become a new trend for revealing adaptive strategy of plant architecture at different habitats.

Key words: shifting sand burial, soil evaporation, salt accumulation, water and salt distribution, saline water drip-irrigation, Taklimakan Desert.

中图分类号:

Q948.1

陈波, 宋永昌, 达良俊. 木本植物的构型及其在植物生态学研究的进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2002, (3): 52-56,28.

Chen Bo, Song Yongchang, Da Liangjun. Woody Plant Architecture and Its Research in Plant Ecology[J]. cje, 2002, (3): 52-56,28.

参考文献

[1] 孙书存,陈灵芝.不同生境中辽东栎的构型差异[J].生态学报,1999,19:359～364.
[2] 孙书存,陈灵芝.辽东栎植冠的构型分析.植物生态学报[J].1999,23:433～440.
[3] 宋永昌,王祥荣.浙江天童国家森林公园的植被和区系[M].上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,1997.1～43.
[4] 黎云祥,等.四川大头茶的分枝率和顶芽动态[J].生态学报,1999,18(3):309～314.
[5] Barlow,P.W.Meristems,metamers and modules and the development of shoot and root systems[J].Bot,J.Linn.Soc.,1989,100:255～279.
[6] Bell,A.D.Dynamics morphology:a contribution to plant population ecology[A].In:Dirzo,R.(eds).Perspectives on Plant Population Ecology[M].Massachusettes:Sinaner Associates Inc,1985.48～65.
[7] Bicknell,S.H.Development of canopy stratification during early succession in northern hardwoods[J].For.Ecol.Manage,1982,4:41～51.
[8] Boojh,R.and Ramakrishnan,P.S.Growth strategy of trees related to successional status.Ⅰ.Architecture and extension growth[J].Forest Ecol.Manag.,1982,4:359～374.
[9] Borchert,R.and Slade,N.A.Bifurcation ratios and the adaptive geometry of trees[J].Bot.Gaz.,1981,142:394～401.
[10] Ellison,A.M.and Niklas,K.J.Branching patterns of Salicornia europaea(Chenopodiaceae) at different successional stages:a comparison of theoretical and real plants[J].Amer.J.Bot.,1988,75:501～512.
[11] Fisher,J.B.and Honda,H.Branch geometry and effective leaf area:a study of Terminalia-branching pattern.Ⅰ.Theorectical trees[J].Am.J.Bot.,1979,66:633～644.
[12] Fisher,J.B.and Honda,H.Branch geometry and effective leaf area:a study of terminalia-branching pattern.2.Survey of real trees[J].Amer.J.Bot.,1979,66:645～655.
[13] Fisher,J.B.and Hibbs,D.E.Plasticity of tree architecture:specific and ecological variations found in Aubreville's model[J].Amer.J.Bot.,1982,69:690～702.
[14] Halle,F.et al.Tropical Trees and Forests,an Architecture Analysis[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1978.
[15] Harmer,R.The effect of bud position on branch growth and bud abssission in Quercus petraea(Matt) Liebl[J].Ann.Bot.,1991,67:463～468.
[16] Harper,J.L.Population Biology of Plants[M].London:Academic Press,1977.
[17] Harper,J.L.Plant demorgraphy and ecological theory[J].Oikos,1980,35:244～253.
[18] Honda,H.et al.Computer simulation of branch interaction and regulation by unequal flow rates in botanical trees[J].Amer.J.Bot.,1981,68:569～585.
[19] Kikuzawa,K.Leaf survival of woody plants in deciduous broadleaved forest.Ⅰ.Tall trees[J].Can.J.Bot.,1983,61:2133～2139.
[20] Koriba,K.On the periodicity of tree growth in the tropics,with reference to the mode of branching,the leaf-fall and the formation of the resting bud[J].Gard Bul.Singapore,1958,17:11～81.
[21] Kuppers,M.Ecological significance of aboveground architectural patterns in woody plants:a question of cost-benefit relationships[J].Trends.Ecol.Evol.,1989,4(12):375～379.
[22] Jones,M.and Harper,J.L.The influence of neighbours on the growth of trees Ⅰ.The fate of buds on long and short shoots in Betula pendula[J].Proc.R.Soc.Lond.,1987,B232:10～33.
[23] Lehtila,K.et al.Bud demography of the mountain birch Betula pubescens ssp.Tortuosa near tree line[J].Ecol.,1994,75(4):945～955.
[24] Pickett,S.T.A.and Kempf,J.S.Branching patterns in forest shrubs and understory trees in relation to habitat[J].New Phytol,1980,86:219～228.
[25] Preston,K.A.Can plasticity compensate for architectural constraints on reproduction?Patterns of seed production and carbohydrate translocation in Perilla frutescens[J].J.Ecol.,1999,89:697～712.
[26] Oohata,S.and Shidei,T.1971.Studies on the branching structure of trees Ⅰ.Bifurcation ratio of trees in Horton's law[J].Jap.J.Ecol.,1971,21:7～14.
[27] Maillette,L.Structure dynamics of silver birch.Ⅰ.The fate of buds[J].J.Appl.Ecol.,1982,19:203～218.
[28] Maillette,L.Effects of bud demography and elongation patterns on Betula cordifolia near the tree line[J].Ecol.,1987,68:1251～1261.
[29] Nitta,I.and Ohsawa,M.Bud structure and shoot architecture of canopy and understory evergreen broad leaved trees at their northern limit in east Asia[J].Ann.Bot.,1998,81:115～129.
[30] Nitta,I.and Ohsawa,M.Shoot phenology,leaf lifespan and branch architecture of evergreen broadleaved trees in Anaga Cloud Forests[A].In:Ohsawa,M.(eds).Anaga Cloud Forest:A Comparative Study on Evergreen Broadleaved Forests and Trees of the Canary Islands and Japan[C].Chiba University,1999.246～264.(上接第56页)
[31] Seino,T.Intermittent shoot growth in sapling of Acanthopanax sciadophylloides(Araliaceae)[M].Ann.Bot.,1998,81:535～543.
[32] Sprugel,D.G.et al.The theory and practice of branch autonomy[J].Ann.Rev.Ecol.Syst.,1991,22:309～334.
[33] Steingraeber,D.A.and Waller,D.M.Non-stationarity of tree branching patterns and bifurcation ratios[J].Proc.R.Soc.Lond,1986,B228:187～194.
[34] Steingraeber,D.A.Variation of shoot morphology and bifurcation ratio in sugar maple(Acer saccharum) saplings[J].Amer.J.Bot.,1979,66:441～445.
[35] Steingraeber,D.A.Phenotypic plasticity of branching pattern in sugar maple(Acer saccharum)[J].Amer.J.Bot.,1982,69:638～640.
[36] Tomlinson,P.B.Architecture of tropical plants[J].Ann.Rev.Ecol.Syst.,1987,18:1～21.
[37] Tomlinson,P.B.Structure elements of the rain forest[A].In:Golley,F.B.(ed).Tropical Rain Forest Ecosystems:Structure and Function Ecosystems of The World 14A[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1983.9～28.
[38] Tuomi,J.and Vuorisalo,T.Hierzchical selestion in modular organism[J].Trends Ecol.Evol.,1989,4(7):209～213.
[39] Wilson,B.F.and Kelty,M.J.Characteristics of shoots from the bud bank in black oak[J].Bul.Tor.Bot.Club,1994,121:62～68.
[40] Wheat,D.W.Sylleptic branching in Myrsine flordana (Myrsinaceae)[J].Amer.J.Bot.,1980,67:490～499.
[41] White,J.The plant as a metapopulation[J].Ann.Rev.Ecol.Syst.,1979,10:109～145.
[42] Whitney,G.G.The bifurcation ratio as an indicator of adaptive strategy in woody palnt species[J].Bull Torrey Bot. Club,1976,103:67～72.