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生态学杂志

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

开封市郊区主要生境外来杂草生态位

李俊娇2;谷艳芳1,2;张丽霞2;丁圣彦1,2   

  1. 1河南大学生态科学与技术研究所, 河南开封 475001;2河南大学生命科学学院, 河南开封 475001
  • 收稿日期:2007-11-13 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-09-10 发布日期:2008-09-10

Niches of alien weeds in main habitats of Kaifeng suburb.

LI Jun-jiao2;GU Yan-fang1,2;ZHANG Li-xia2;DING Sheng-yan1,2   

  1. 1Institute of Ecological Science and Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China;2College of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
  • Received:2007-11-13 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-09-10 Published:2008-09-10

摘要: 2005春秋2季对开封市郊农田、果园、菜地、撂荒地不同生境外来杂草进行了调查,并采用定量分析方法,研究了外来杂草和本地杂草种群的生态位宽度和生态位重叠值。结果表明:本调查共记录外来杂草11种,春季7种,秋季7种,共同种3个;春季加拿大蓬、婆婆纳相对多度较高,分别是0.239、0.111;秋季相对多度较高的外来杂草为香附子,为0.409;春季加拿大蓬的生态位较宽,为0.854;秋季生态位较宽的外来杂草为牛筋草、反枝苋、香附子,分别是0.986,0.822,0.807。外来杂草与本地杂草的重叠值主要分布在0.5以下,在资源利用方面二者存在分化,因而外来杂草在种群扩展方面存在一定的优势。

关键词: 挺水植物, 人工湿地, COD, 总氮、净化

Abstract: In spring and autumn of 2005, the alien weeds in various habitats of Kaifeng suburb, including farmland, orchard, vegetable garden, and wasteland, were investigated, and the niche breath and overlap of the alien weeds and main native weeds were measured. A total of 11 alien weed species were recorded, 7 species occurring in spring, 7 species in autumn, and 3 species in both seasons. In spring, the relative abundance of Veronica didyma and Conyza canadensis was higher, being 0.239 and 0.111, respectively; in autumn, Cyperus rotundus had a higher relative abundance, being 0.409. In spring, C. Canadensishad a wider niche breath (0.854); in autumn, the niche breath of Eleusine indica, Amaranthus retroflexus, and C. rotundus was 0.986, 0.822, and 0.807, respectively. The niche overlap values of alien and native weeds were mainly under 0.5, and there existed polarizations in utilizing resources between them. The alien weeds had advantages in population expansion.

Key words: Macrophytes, Constructed wetland, COD, Total Nitrogen, Purification