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生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 246-255.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

镉胁迫下外施水杨酸对向日葵生长、生理和镉积累的影响

吴子龙，王鑫昕，吴倍倍，赵昕*，龚培俐，王磊，耿霄，范怡华   

  1. （邯郸学院生命科学与工程学院， 河北邯郸 056005）

  • 出版日期:2026-01-10 发布日期:2026-01-09

Effects of exogenous salicylic acid on the growth, physiology, and Cd accumulation in sunflower under cadmium stress.

WU Zilong, WANG Xinxin, WU Beibei, ZHAO Xin*, GONG Peili, WANG Lei, GENG Xiao, FAN Yihua   

  1. (College of Life Science and Engineering, Handan University, Handan 056005, Hebei, China).

  • Online:2026-01-10 Published:2026-01-09

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摘要： 为探究外施水杨酸（SA）对不同浓度镉（Cd）胁迫下向日葵生长、生理和Cd吸收积累的影响，本研究采用水培法，在3种浓度（10、20、40 μmol·L-1）Cd灌根培养下叶面喷施100 mg·L-1 SA，测定向日葵的生长、生理以及Cd吸收积累的相关指标。结果表明：外施SA促进了向日葵幼苗的生长和生物量的升高，并随Cd浓度增加增幅先升后降，在Cd浓度为20 μmol·L-1时，向日葵幼苗的根长、株高、根生物量、茎生物量、叶生物量和全株生物量的增幅最大，比不喷施SA处理的Cd胁迫对照分别显著提高了7.5%、7.8%、25.0%、7.7%、10.0%、11.1%。外施SA提高了向日葵幼苗叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的含量，降低了相对电导率和丙二醛含量，增加了脯氨酸、谷胱甘肽的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽抗氧化酶活性。外施SA促进了向日葵对Cd的吸收积累，且随Cd浓度增加，各处理根、茎、叶中Cd含量和Cd积累量也随之增加，并且各处理幼苗的Cd转移系数、富集系数和提取率均有增加的趋势，当Cd浓度为20 μmol·L-1时，向日葵幼苗的Cd转移系数、富集系数和提取率的增幅达到最大，比不喷施SA处理的Cd胁迫对照分别显著提高了33.3%、36.4%、100.0%，对Cd转运积累的作用最显著。综合来看，Cd浓度在20 μmol·L-1时，施加100 mg·L-1 SA有助于向日葵幼苗的生长及其对Cd的吸收积累，研究结果可为SA提高植物对重金属耐受性的应用提供参考依据。


关键词: 向日葵, 水杨酸, Cd胁迫, 生长, Cd积累

Abstract: Following the hydroponic method, we investigated the effects of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) on the growth, physiology, and cadmium (Cd) absorption and accumulation in sunflowers under varying levels of Cd stress. Sunflower seedlings were irrigated with three concentrations of Cd (10, 20, 40 μmol·L-1), with SA at the concentration of 100 mg·L-1 being sprayed on the leaves. The results showed that exogenous SA promoted the growth and biomass of sunflower seedlings, and that the amplitude of such increase first increased and then decreased with increasing Cd concentration. At the Cd concentration of 20 μmol·L-1, the increases in root length, plant height, root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass and total biomass of sunflower seedlings were the largest, which were significantly increased by 7.5%, 7.8%, 25.0%, 7.7%, 10.0%, 11.1%, respectively, compared with that under Cd stress but without SA addition. Exogenous SA increased the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids in sunflower seedlings, reduced the relative conductivity and the malondialdehyde content, and increased the contents of proline and glutathione as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and glutathione antioxidant enzymes. Exogenous SA promoted the absorption and accumulation of Cd in sunflower seedlings. With the increases of Cd concentration, the Cd content and accumulation in roots, stems and leaves also increased. Moreover, the Cd transfer coefficient, enrichment coefficient and extraction rate exhibited an increasing trend with increasing Cd concentration. When the Cd concentration was 20 μmol·L-1, the increase in the Cd transfer coefficient, enrichment coefficient and extraction rate in sunflower seedlings reached the maximum, which were significantly increased by 33.3%, 36.4% and 100.0%, respectively, compared with that under Cd stress but without SA addition, indicating the most significant effect of SA on Cd transport and accumulation. In conclusion, when the Cd concentration was 20 μmol·L-1, the application of 100 mg·L-1 SA was beneficial to the growth of sunflower seedlings and their absorption and accumulation of Cd. Our results can provide a reference basis for the application of SA in enhancing the tolerance of plants to heavy metal stress.


Key words: Helianthus annuus, salicylic acid, Cd stress, growth, Cd accumulation

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