降水格局变化对土壤线虫氮沉降抵抗力的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202504.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤线虫是地下生物群落的重要组成部分，在生态系统能量流动和物质循环中起着至关重要的作用。大气氮沉降增加及降水格局改变作为全球变化的重要特征，对土壤线虫影响显著。氮沉降会直接/间接对土壤线虫产生负效应，这种响应会随着降水强度的变化而改变。研究降水变化如何影响土壤线虫对氮沉降的抵抗力可以深入了解土壤线虫对气候变化的响应。本研究在内蒙古温带草原开展连续8年的降水添加（总添加量80 mm，降水频率及强度改变）和氮添加控制试验，包括5个降水强度（2、5、10、20和40 mm），氮添加包括加氮（N10：10 g N·m^-2·a^-1）和不加氮（N0）2个水平。通过对土壤线虫多度、多样性的抵抗力的量化，探究土壤线虫对氮沉降的抵抗力在不同降水添加强度下的响应。结果表明，食细菌线虫多度对氮沉降的抵抗力在极端降水强度处理下高于其他处理；食真菌线虫多度对氮沉降的抵抗力在低降水强度下表现得更高；捕食杂食性线虫多度对氮沉降的抵抗力在高强度降水强度下高于中等降水强度处理；植物寄生线虫多度对氮沉降的抵抗力在低降水强度处理下达到峰值。中高降水强度降低了线虫多样性对氮沉降的抵抗力，均匀度、营养多样性和香农多样性对氮沉降的抵抗力在低降水强度下明显高于其他处理。降水格局改变引起的土壤含水量和pH值的变化是影响土壤线虫群落的主要因子。

关键词: 土壤线虫, 抵抗力, 降水强度, 氮沉降

Abstract: Soil nematodes are an important part of underground community and play a crucial role in ecosystem energy flow and material cycling. Elevated nitrogen (N) deposition and precipitation regime alteration are two major forms of global change, which affect soil nematodes. Nitrogen deposition has adverse effects on soil nematodes, while precipitation alteration might affect the responses of nematodes to N deposition. To investigate how precipitation regime alteration affects the resistance of soil nematode community to N deposition can help understand the response of soil nematodes to climate change. In this study, we conducted an 8-year manipulative field experiment comprising precipitation addition (totaling 80 mm, with varied precipitation frequency and intensity) and N addition in a temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia. There were five precipitation intensities (2, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mm), and two N addition levels (N10: 10 g N·m^-2·a^-1; N0: control). The response of soil nematode resistance to N deposition under different precipitation addition intensities was quantified by the resistance of soil nematode abundance and diversity. The results showed that the resistance of bacterivore nematode abundance to N deposition was the highest under 40 mm precipitation addition intensity among all precipitation addition intensities. The resistance of fungivore abundance to N deposition was higher under low precipitation intensity. The resistance of predator-omnivore nematode abundance to N deposition was higher under high precipitation intensity than under the moderate precipitation intensity. The resistance of plant parasitic nematode abundance to N deposition reached its peak under low precipitation intensity. Moreover, the resistance of evenness, trophic diversity, and Shannon diversity to N deposition was significantly higher under low precipitation intensity than other treatments. Changes in soil moisture and pH induced by precipitation regime alterations are the main factors affecting soil nematode community.

Key words: soil nematode, resistance, precipitation intensity, nitrogen deposition

杨昌娆, 莫笑梅, 郑国, 武鹏峰, 李英滨, 崔淑艳. 降水格局变化对土壤线虫氮沉降抵抗力的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(4): 1253-1260.

YANG Changrao, MO Xiaomei, ZHENG Guo, WU Pengfeng, LI Yingbin, CUI Shuyan. Effects of precipitation regime change on the resistance of soil nematodes to nitrogen deposition.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(4): 1253-1260.

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降水格局变化对土壤线虫氮沉降抵抗力的影响

Effects of precipitation regime change on the resistance of soil nematodes to nitrogen deposition.

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