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海拔对陇南白龙江流域油橄榄园土壤肥力的影响

焦润安1,2,李朝周1,2*,赵阳3,4,焦健3   

  1. (1甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院, 兰州 730070; 2甘肃省作物遗传改良和种质创新重点实验室, 兰州 730070; 3甘肃农业大学林学院, 兰州 730070; 4甘肃省白龙江林业科学研究所, 兰州 730070)
  • 出版日期:2018-02-10 发布日期:2018-02-10

Soil fertility of olive orchards along an altitude gradient in Bailong River basin of Longnan, Gansu Province.

JIAO Run-an1,2, LI Chao-zhou1,2*, ZHAO Yang3,4, JIAO Jian3   

  1. (1College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070,China; 2Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou 730070, China; 3College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 4Forestry Science Research Institute of Bailong River, Lanzhou 730070, China).
  • Online:2018-02-10 Published:2018-02-10

摘要: 以白龙江流域不同海拔的油橄榄园土壤为研究对象,研究了海拔对油橄榄园土壤肥力的影响,并采用隶属函数法和主成分分析法对不同海拔油橄榄园土壤进行土壤肥力质量综合评价。结果表明:海拔在960 m条件下,土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性、土壤容重和有机质含量均最高,而土壤pH值最低,且显著低于其他海拔的油橄榄园;当海拔为990 m时,土壤磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性最高;土壤含水量在1021 m处最高;土壤速效磷和碱解氮含量在1052 m处最高;海拔960、990、1021和1052 m处油橄榄园土壤细菌数量并无显著差异,但均显著高于1083 m;各海拔土壤中放线菌和真菌数量均未表现出差异。通过隶属函数法得出,各海拔油橄榄园土壤肥力质量综合指数排名为960 m>990 m>1052 m>1021 m>1083 m;利用主成分分析法得出的综合排名为960 m>990 m>1021 m>1052 m>1083 m。两种计算方式在1021和1052 m处的大小排序不一致,但土壤肥力总体呈现了随海拔升高而降低的趋势。 

关键词: 生态环境, 遥感生态指数, 主成分分析, 古尔班通古特沙漠

Abstract: Soil fertilities of olive orchards  from five different altitudes (960, 990, 1021, 1052 and 1083 m) in Bailong River basin was comprehensively assessed by using the subordinate function method and principal component analysis (PCA) to explore the impacts of altitude on soil fertility. The results showed that at the altitude of 960 m, the activities of soil urease andsucrase were the highest, and soil organic matter content and bulk density were the highest, while the pH value was significantly lower than that at other altitudes. The activities of soil phosphatase and catalase were the highest at 990 m. Soil water content was the highest at 1021 m. Soil available phosphorus and nitrogen contents were the highest at 1052 m. Among the five altitudes, soilbacteria abundance showed no significant variation, but being significantly higher than that at 1083 m. There were no significant difference in the abundance of soil actinomyces and fungiamong all the altitudes. The comprehensive indexes of soil fertility assessed by calculating the weight via correlation coefficients were ranked as 960 m > 990 m> 1052 m > 1021 m > 1083 m. The ranking of the comprehensive indexes using principal component analysis were 960 m > 990 m > 1021 m > 1052 m> 1083 m. The results of two analytical methods differed at 1021 m and 1052 m, but the soil fertility generally showed a decreasing trend with the increases of altitude.

Key words: ecological environment, principal component analysis, remote sensing ecological index (RSEI), Gurbantunggut Desert