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马尾松林经不同强度采伐后与肉桂混交对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

喻素芳1,2,佘光辉1,李远发2,陈立金3,李丽娟2,叶绍明2*#br#   

  1. (1南京林业大学林学院, 南京 210037; 2广西大学林学院, 南宁 530004; 3广西林业种苗管理总站, 南宁 530022)
  • 出版日期:2017-09-10 发布日期:2017-09-10

The influences of mixing with Cinnamomum cassia after different cutting intensities in a masson pine forest on soil microbial functional diversity.

YU Su-fang1,2, SHE Guang-hui1, LI Yuan-fa2, CHEN Li-jin3, LI Li-juan2, YE Shao-ming2*#br#   

  1. (1College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; 2College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; 3Central Station of Forestry Seedling Management in Guangxi, Nanning 530022, China).
  • Online:2017-09-10 Published:2017-09-10

摘要: 混交林可以形成层次多或冠层厚的林分结构,对提高防护效能和稳定性具有重要作用。本研究先对20年林龄的马尾松(Pinus massoniana)人工林进行5种不同强度的采伐(皆伐、强度、中强度、中弱度和弱度,伐后郁闭度分别为0、0.4、0.5、0.6和0.7),然后在林下等量种植肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia)。7年后,应用BIOLOG-ECO技术探讨不同混交模式、林分类型对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响。结果表明,混交林的土壤理化性质、AWCD(average well color development)值和微生物功能多样性指数均优于马尾松和肉桂纯林,其中肉桂纯林最低、基于中弱度采伐而建的混交林最高(与马尾松纯林差异显著),且土壤微生物功能多样性随土层深度增加而降低。主成分分析结果显示,不同混交模式之间土壤微生物碳源利用特征分异不明显;而不同林分类型之间存在明显分异,主要起分异作用的是微生物对氨基酸类、羧酸类和糖类的利用特征,且不同林分类型对土壤微生物碳源利用的差异显著受土壤含水率与有机质含量影响;含水率、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量和土壤碳氮比对土壤微生物群落功能多样性也有着重要影响。可见,马尾松林种植肉桂能提高微生物活性和功能多样性,本研究结果可为改造马尾松纯林为混交林提供参考。

关键词: 磷拦截率, 入流条件, 氮拦截率, 植被过滤带, 水动力学参数

Abstract: Mixed forests play an important role in improving protective efficiency and stability of forest stands by establishing multilayer or thick-canopy structures. In this study, a 20-year-old masson pine (Pinus massoniana) plantation was harvested with 5 different cutting intensities (clear-cutting, heavy, moderate, light and very light grades), resulting in the canopy closure of 0, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 respectively. Then cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) was planted equally to the quantity of removed masson pine. After the treatments for seven years, the BIOLOGECO method was applied to analyze the soil microbial functional diversity. The results showed that the soil physicochemical properties, AWCD (average well color development) and microbial community functional diversity index in mixed forests were superior to both the masson pine and cinnamon pure stands. The values of abovementioned properties were the lowest in the cinnamon pure stands, while the mixed stands developed from the treatment of light cutting intensity (with a canopy closure of 0.6) had the highest values, being significantly different from those of the masson pine pure stands. The functional diversity of soil microbial communities decreased with the increase of soil depth. Principal component analysis showed that the utilization characteristics of soil microbial carbon sources were not significant among different mixed patterns but obviously different among different forest types, mainly contributed by amino acids, carboxylic acids and sugars. The differences of soil microbial carbon source utilization in different stands were significantly affected by soil water content and organic matter content. Also, other factors such as soil water content, organic matter content, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, total potassium content and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen had important impacts on soil microbial community functional diversity. In conclusion, the microbial activity and functional diversity of soil were improved by introducing cinnamon to grow in the masson pine stands, which would offer a reference for transforming masson pines pure forest into mixed forests.

Key words: vegetative filter strip, N intercepting rate, hydraulic characteristic, inflow conditions, P intercepting rate