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生态学杂志 ›› 2005, Vol. ›› Issue (12): 1375-1379.

• •    下一篇

温度、pH及干旱胁迫对沙地樟子松外生菌根菌生长影响

朱教君1, 许美玲1,3, 康宏樟1,2, 徐慧1, 闫军杰4   

  1. 1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳, 110016;
    2. 沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 沈阳, 110161;
    3. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京, 100039;
    4. 沈阳农业科技开发研究院, 沈阳, 110161
  • 收稿日期:2005-01-21 修回日期:2005-04-28 出版日期:2005-12-10
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-418)和辽宁省自然科学基金(博士启动基金)项目(2002110016)资助.

Effects of temperature,pH and drought stresses on ectomycorrhizal fungi growth in a Pinus sylvestris varmongolica plantation on sandy land

ZHU Jiaojun1, XU Meiling1,3, KANG Hongzhang1,2, XU Hui1, YAN Junjie4   

  1. 1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
    2. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;
    3. College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China;
    4. Institutes of Development for Agricultural Science and Technology, Shenyang 110161, China
  • Received:2005-01-21 Revised:2005-04-28 Online:2005-12-10

摘要: 通过对采集于沙地樟子松人工林内的3种外生菌根真菌(牛肝菌Boletussp.、乳菇Lactariussp.、高环柄菇Macrolepiota procera)进行纯培养,在不同温度、pH值和PEG模拟干旱胁迫条件下,观测了外生菌根菌的生长发育状况。结果表明,3种外生菌根菌生物量在不同pH范围(3~7)内存在着显著差异(P<0.05);在低于5℃和高于37℃时,3种外生菌根菌均不能生长,其最适生长温度分别为:牛肝菌,25℃高环柄菇,25~28℃,乳菇,25~30℃;在低浓度PEG胁迫处理条件下(10%,-0.20MPa),3种外生菌根菌的生长均有所增加,当PEG胁迫达到30%(-1.53 MPa)时,3种外生菌根菌的生长均受到抑制。与上述结果比较,沙地樟子松人工林地土壤的实际pH值在外生菌根菌的最适生长范围内;林地最高气温值远远超过3种外生菌根菌的最适生长值的时间在每年的生长季都会出现;在极端干旱年份(如1996年),林地土壤的实际含水量在生长季节(5~9月)远远低于抑制外生菌根菌生长的土壤含水量,可能影响到外生菌根菌的生存。因此,可以推断,沙地樟子松人工林地的外生菌根菌的生长与发育,在干旱胁迫及高温作用下受到很大程度的影响,如果仅从微生物角度分析,外生菌根菌在干旱和高温条件下不能生长或已经死亡是导致沙地樟子松人工林衰退的一个原因。

关键词: 铅, 吸收, 分配, 水稻

Abstract: In this paper,ectomycorrhizal fungi(ECM fungi)Boletus sp.(BL),Lactarius sp.(LC) and Macrolepiota procera(MP) were collected from the sandy land Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation in southeastern Keerqin in 2003 and 2004,and the growth of their pure culture was studied under simulated temperature,pH and drought stresses.The results showed that within the range of pH 3~7,the growth of the three test fungi was significantly different(P<0.05),with the optimum pH value being 5 for BL,6 for MP,and 7 for LC.The fungi could not grow at <5 ℃ or >37 ℃,and the optimum temperature was 25 ℃,25~28 ℃ and 25~30 ℃ for BL,MP and LC,respectively.The fungi could not grow when the PEG concentration was 30%((-1.53) MPa),but tended to increase when the PEG concentration was 10%(-0.20MPa).For LC,its growth was not influenced till the PEG concentration was 25%(-1.35MPa).With the real conditions considered,it could be deduced that the soil pH of the sandy land might fit the three test fungi,while the temperature and drought stresses during the growth season of P.sylvestris var.mongolica plantation might affect the growth and development of the fungi.Therefore,the decrease of ECM fungi should be one of the causes inducing the decline of P.sylvestris var.mongolica plantations on sandy land.

Key words: Lead, Uptake, Distribution, Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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