露天煤矿复垦区旱柳和山杨人工林土壤改良特征与养分利用策略

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202607.030

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 2147-2155.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202607.030

• ·矿区生态过程与生态修复专栏· (专栏组织专家：伍松林、王少锋、王美娥、刘允佳) • 上一篇下一篇

露天煤矿复垦区旱柳和山杨人工林土壤改良特征与养分利用策略

刘畅^1,2,4,齐悦彤³,王凯^2,4,5*,刘洋⁶,安源⁷,宋海涛⁷

(¹辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院，辽宁阜新 123000； ²辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院，辽宁阜新 123000； ³北京科技高级技术学校，北京 102300； ⁴辽宁工程技术大学鄂尔多斯研究院，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017004； ⁵辽宁清原森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，沈阳 110016； ⁶阜新市自然资源局，辽宁阜新 123000； ⁷阜新市生态环境治理发展有限公司，辽宁阜新 123000)

出版日期:2026-07-10 发布日期:2026-07-08

Soil improvement characteristics and nutrient use strategy of Salix matsudana and Populus davidiana plantations in reclamation area of opencast coal mine.

LIU Chang^1,2,4, QI Yuetong³, WANG Kai^2,4,5*, LIU Yang⁶, AN Yuan⁷, SONG Haitao⁷

(¹College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, Liaoning, China; ²College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, Liaoning, China; ³Beijing Higher Technical School, Beijing 102300, China; ⁴Ordos Research Institute, Liaoning Technical University, Ordos 017004, Inner Mongolia, China; ⁵Qingyuan Forest, National Observation and Research Station, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China; ⁶Fuxin Natural Resources Bureau, Fuxin 123000, Liaoning, China; ⁷Fuxin City Ecological Environment Governance Development Co., Ltd, Fuxin 123000, Liaoning, China).

Online:2026-07-10 Published:2026-07-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示露天煤矿复垦区人工林的土壤改良效果及养分利用策略，以土地复垦10年后旱柳（Salix matsudana）和山杨（Populus davidiana）人工林为对象，研究不同人工林对土壤理化性状的影响，分析两树种各器官及凋落叶中C、N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn和Mn含量，探讨树木养分重吸收特征及其影响因素。结果表明，与荒草地相比，旱柳和山杨人工林均增加了土壤含水量、毛管孔隙度及有机C、全N、全P、全Ca、碱解N和有效P含量，降低了土壤容重、pH值及全K、全Mg、全Fe、全Zn和全Mn含量。两树种各养分元素重吸收效率均大于0，养分含量通常在叶片、枝条和细根中较高，在树干和粗根中较低。与旱柳相比，山杨叶片N重吸收效率及各器官和土壤N含量更高。两树种N重吸收效率与成熟叶及土壤N含量呈显著正相关。因而，露天煤矿复垦区种植旱柳和山杨可增强土壤保水性，平衡酸碱度，提高C、N、P和Ca含量，降低K、Mg、Fe、Zn和Mn含量，山杨养分保存及土壤培肥能力强于旱柳。

关键词: 山杨, 旱柳, 养分分配, 微量元素, 矿山生态修复

Abstract: To reveal the soil improvement effect and nutrient use strategy of forest plantations in opencast coal mine reclamation area, we examined the effects of Salix matsudana plantation and Populus davidiana plantation on soil physicochemical properties after 10 years of land reclamation, analyzed the concentrations of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) in each organ and leaf litter of those two tree species, and explored the nutrient resorption characteristics and influencing factors. The results showed that, compared to the unmanaged grassland, both S. matsudana and P. davidiana plantations increased soil water content, capillary porosity, and concentrations of organic C, total N, total P, total Ca, available N, and available P, while decreased soil bulk density, pH value, and concentrations of total K, total Mg, total Fe, total Zn, and total Mn. Nutrient resorption efficiencies of all examined elements in the two tree species were all greater than 0. The nutrient concentrations were usually higher in leaves, branches, and fine roots than those in trunks and coarse roots. P. davidiana had higher N resorption efficiency and N concentrations in organs and soils than S. matsudana. N resorption efficiency was significantly positively correlated with N concentration in mature leaves and soil. Therefore, planting S. matsudana and P. davidiana in reclamation area of opencast coal mine could enhance soil water retention, balance soil pH, increase concentrations of C, N, P and Ca, but reduce concentrations of K, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn. P. davidiana had higher nutrient conservation and fertilization abilities compared to S. matsudana.

Key words: Populus davidiana, Salix matsudana, nutrient allocation, micronutrient, mine ecological restoration

刘畅, 齐悦彤, 王凯, 刘洋, 安源, 宋海涛. 露天煤矿复垦区旱柳和山杨人工林土壤改良特征与养分利用策略[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(7): 2147-2155.

LIU Chang, QI Yuetong, WANG Kai, LIU Yang, AN Yuan, SONG Haitao. Soil improvement characteristics and nutrient use strategy of Salix matsudana and Populus davidiana plantations in reclamation area of opencast coal mine.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(7): 2147-2155.

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露天煤矿复垦区旱柳和山杨人工林土壤改良特征与养分利用策略

Soil improvement characteristics and nutrient use strategy of Salix matsudana and Populus davidiana plantations in reclamation area of opencast coal mine.

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