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生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 946-953.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202503.021

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

海口地区鹊鸲（Copsychus saularis）在人工巢箱中的繁殖参数及巢捕食

许誉馨1,冯艳民1,2,郑元斌3,郭艺1,马雪峰4,饶晓东1,5*   

  1. （1海南大学热带农林学院， 海南儋州 571737； 2通辽市林业和草原局， 内蒙古通辽 028000； 3江西省安远县林业局， 江西安远 342100； 4海南热带野生动植物园， 海口 570110； 5海口市智慧林业重点实验室， 海口 570228）

  • 出版日期:2025-03-10 发布日期:2025-06-10

Breeding parameters and nest predation of Oriental magpie-robin (Copsychus saularis) in artificial nest boxes in Haikou, China.

XU Yuxin1, FENG Yanmin1,2, ZHENG Yuanbin3, GUO Yi1, MA Xuefeng4, RAO Xiaodong1,5*   

  1. (1School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China; 2Tongliao Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China; 3Anyuan County Forestry Bureau of Jiangxi Province, Anyuan 342100, Jiangxi, China; 4Hainan Tropical Wildlife Garden, Haikou 570110, China; 5Haikou Key Laboratory of Intelligent Forestry, Haikou 570228, China).

  • Online:2025-03-10 Published:2025-06-10

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摘要： 繁殖是鸟类生活史的重要环节，巢捕食被认为是影响鸟类生活史特征的生态因子之一。准确估测鸟类的繁殖成功率，掌握巢捕食及其影响因子对了解其种群动态具有重要意义。本研究于2021年和2022年两个繁殖期，对海口地区人工巢箱内繁殖的鹊鸲（Copsychus saularis）的繁殖生态以及巢捕食进行了研究。结果表明：（1）鹊鸲最早产卵日期为3月19日，最晚产卵时间为7月4日，窝卵数（4.47±0.57）枚（n=57），孵化期（13.30±1.47）d（n=33），卵重（2.28±0.65）g（n=25），卵长径和短径分别为（22.21±0.84）mm和（16.38±0.37）mm（n=25），日坐巢率70.85%±5.92%（n=40），不同时间段内坐巢时长无显著性差异（F=0.479, df=5, P=0.820）；（2）育雏期（13.32±1.18）d（n=37），不同时间段内亲鸟喂食次数存在显著差异（F=19.832,df=14, P<0.05），05:00—06:00（P=0.023）和18:00—19:00（P=0.043）时段喂食次数明显小于其他时段；（3）繁殖成功率为69.49%，孵化率为73.36%，出飞率为73.16%，繁殖力为2.36只；（4）巢捕食率为18.64%，主要巢捕食者包括隐纹花松鼠（Tamiops swinhoei）、黄胸鼠（Rattus tanezumi）和蚁类（Formicidae spp.）等。本研究记录到鹊鸲的清巢行为和非亲雄性杀雏案例，为后续探究鹊鸲的性选择研究奠定了基础。


关键词: 鹊鸲, 人工巢箱, 红外摄像技术, 繁殖生态, 巢捕食

Abstract: Breeding is an important component of bird life history and fitness. Nest predation is one of the important factors affecting bird life history. Therefore, accurate estimation of reproductive success rate and revealing nest predation and its influencing factors are important for understanding population dynamics of birds. In this study, the breeding ecology and nest predation of Oriental magpie-robin (Copsychus saularis) in artificial nest boxes were investigated in Haikou, Hainan Province, China in 2021 and 2022. The results showed that: (1) The earliest and latest egg-laying dates were March 19 and July 4, respectively. Mean clutch size was 4.47±0.57 (n=57), and the mean incubation period was 13.30±1.47 d (n=33). Mean egg weight was 2.28±0.65 g (n=25). Mean long diameter and short diameter of eggs were 22.21±0.84 mm and 16.38±0.37 mm (n=25), respectively. The daily incubation rate was 70.85%±5.92% (n=40). There was no significant difference in incubation time among different periods (F=0.479, df=5, P=0.820). (2) The mean brooding period was 13.32±1.18 d (n=37). There were significant differences in the number of feeding times of parent birds in different time periods (F=19.832, df=14, P<0.05). The number of feeding times between 05:00-06:00 (P=0.023) and 18:00-19:00 (P=0.043) were significantly lower than those in other periods. (3) We found a 69.49% reproductive success, 73.36% hatching rate, 73.16% fledging rate, and a fecundity rate of 2.36 per female. (4) We recorded a nest predation rate of 18.64%, with the main nest predators being Swinho’s striped squirrel (Tamiops swinhoei), Tanezumi rat (Rattus tanezumi), and ants (Formicidae spp.). In addition, we recorded incidences of non-parental male infanticides in the Oriental magpie-robin. Our results laid a foundation for further research on sexual selection of Oriental magpie-robin.


Key words: Oriental magpie-robin (Copsychus saularis), artificial nest box, infrared camera technology, breeding ecology, nest predation

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