关键词: 渔业资源, 生态损害补偿, 损害量化, 生态修复

Abstract: Establishing a scientific, objective, and highly operational compensation mechanism for fisheries ecological damage will contribute to the sustainable development of marine fishery. Here, we summarized the research advances of compensation mechanism of ecological damage to marine fishery from three perspectives, namely sources, receptors, and quantitative methods. We systematically formulated the effects of human activities, such as reclamation, marine construction projects, marine oil spills, and illegal fishing, on biological and non-biological receptors in the marine ecosystems. Moreover, we analyzed the applicability and limitations of models based on different principles in quantifying ecological damage in the fishery. Based on the complexity and dynamics of fishery ecosystems, we pointed out the problems in the compensation system of fishery ecological damage, such as differentiations in quantification, compensation accounting and implementation effect, and the subsequent discontinuity of restoration measures. We further proposed development directions of the compensation system of marine fishery ecological damage. This review will help promote the construction process of marine ecological civilization in China, and provide sound reference for the further studies on fishery ecological damage compensation.

Key words: fishery resource, compensation for ecological damage, damage quantification, ecological restoration