舟山白山采石场边坡人工重建植被边缘效应

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202306.005

生态学杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 1389-1401.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202306.005

舟山白山采石场边坡人工重建植被边缘效应

王莹^1,2,韦博良³,吴雁南^3,4,徐慧¹,于明坚³,徐礼根^1*

(¹浙江大学农业与生物技术学院，杭州 310058； ²浙江省地矿勘察院有限公司，杭州 310012； ³浙江大学生命科学学院，杭州 310058； ⁴浙江省淳安县第二中学，杭州 311700)

出版日期:2023-06-10 发布日期:2023-06-05

Edge effect of artificially reconstructed vegetation on slope of Baishan quarry in Zhoushan City, East China.

WANG Ying^1,2, WEI Boliang³, WU Yannan^3,4, XU Hui¹, YU Mingjian³, XU Ligen^1*

(¹College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; ²Zhejiang Province Geological & Mineral Engineering Investigation Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310012, China; ³College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; ⁴Chun’an No. 2 Middle School, Hangzhou 311700, China).

Online:2023-06-10 Published:2023-06-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在浙江省舟山市选取人工植被重建后第16年的采石场岩质边坡，在边坡人工植被和邻近原有植被（主要是自然植被）内设置样方，调查植物群落的基本特征，分析自然和人工植被内植物群落的物种组成，以及不同边缘梯度下植物群落的物种组成、物种多样性和郁闭度的差异，探究是否存在边缘效应现象及边缘效应对采石场边坡人工植被和自然植被的影响。结果表明：（1）距人工和自然植被边缘更近处的人工植被区域，其与自然植被的相似度要高于距边缘更远的人工植被区域，在乔木和灌木的物种组成上也与自然植被区域更加接近；（2）人工植被区域与自然植被区域的植物物种组成间尚存在较大差异，人工植被样方的乔木物种数远低于自然植被，且人工植被各层次优势物种均更明显；相比自然植物群落，边坡人工植被尚处于演替前期的阶段；（3）人工植被的群落物种组成受到邻近自然植被的影响，人工喷播或栽植的物种逐渐被本地物种替代，人工植被的灌木层、草本层和藤本层物种多样性与邻近自然植被没有显著差异。在研究区内，未发现人工喷播或栽植外来物种对周边自然植被造成的物种入侵和生物多样性下降问题。研究结果证实，边坡人工植被与自然植被交界处存在边缘效应，且对人工植被中植物群落的正向演替、降低森林片段化程度具有积极作用。

关键词: 采石场, 边坡, 植被重建, 边缘效应, 群落演替, 舟山

Abstract: Quadrats were set up in the revegetated area on a rock slope of a quarry with artificial revegetation for 16 years and in adjacent original vegetation areas (mainly natural vegetation) in Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province. We examined community structure, species composition, and species diversity under different edge gradients, and then explored the influence of edge effects on artificial vegetation. The results showed that: (1) The similarity between plant communities in the revegetated area near the edge and the adjacent natural vegetation was higher than that between plant communities in the revegetated area far to the edge and the adjacent natural vegetation. The former was also closer to natural vegetation in species composition of trees and shrubs. (2) There were still great differences in plant species composition between the revegetated area and the natural vegetation area. Tree species richness of the former was much lower than that of the latter, while the dominant species of each layer of the artificial vegetation were more prominent. Compared with natural plant community, the artificial vegetation on the slope was still at the early stage of succession. (3) Species composition of the artificial vegetation was affected by adjacent natural vegetation. Species initially sprayingseeded or planted were gradually replaced by local native species. Species diversity of shrub layer, herb layer, and vine layer in the revegetated area was close to that of adjacent natural vegetation. Meanwhile, there was no biological invasion or biodiversity loss of adjacent natural vegetation caused by artificial seeding or planting of alien species. Our results demonstrated that the edge effect of the ecotone between the artificial vegetation on the quarry slope and the adjacent natural vegetation had a certain effect on the positive succession of plant community in the artificial vegetation and reducing the degree of forest fragmentation.

Key words: quarry, slope, vegetation reconstruction, edge effect, community succession, Zhoushan City.

王莹, 韦博良, 吴雁南, 徐慧, 于明坚, 徐礼根. 舟山白山采石场边坡人工重建植被边缘效应[J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(6): 1389-1401.

WANG Ying, WEI Boliang, WU Yannan, XU Hui, YU Mingjian, XU Ligen. Edge effect of artificially reconstructed vegetation on slope of Baishan quarry in Zhoushan City, East China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2023, 42(6): 1389-1401.

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舟山白山采石场边坡人工重建植被边缘效应

Edge effect of artificially reconstructed vegetation on slope of Baishan quarry in Zhoushan City, East China.

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