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生态学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 2064-2071.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202209.003

• 技术与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于DPSIRM模型的高原城市湿地生态安全评价——以湟水流域西宁段为例

向丽1,周伟1,2*,任君1,3,黄雨晗1,官炎俊1


  

  1. 1中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院, 北京 100083; 2自然资源部土地整治重点实验室, 北京 100035; 3青海大学研究生院, 西宁 810016)

  • 出版日期:2022-10-10 发布日期:2022-10-13

Ecological security evaluation of plateau urban wetland based on DPSIRM model: With Xining section of Huangshui Basin as an example.

XIANG Li1, ZHOU Wei1,2*, REN Jun1,3, HUANG Yu-han1, GUAN Yan-jun1   

  1. (1School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; 2Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China; 3Graduate School of Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China).

  • Online:2022-10-10 Published:2022-10-13

摘要: 高原城市湿地作为高原城市的特殊生态系统,对维护高原城市的社会经济发展和生态安全具有重要作用。对高原城市进行湿地生态安全评价,是全面了解高原城市湿地生态安全状况的关键,可为保护高原城市湿地和生态安全提供科学依据。以湟水流域西宁段为例,基于DPSIRM模型构建湿地生态安全指标体系,采用主成分分析法确定指标权重,评价了研究区2000—2019年的湿地生态安全,并利用灰色关联法分析了湿地生态安全的影响因素。结果表明:2000—2019年湟水流域西宁段的湿地生态安全状况逐渐变好,安全综合指数由0.338提高到0.781,安全等级由不安全上升到较安全;在6个子系统中,驱动力、状态、管理的安全等级上升到较安全,压力、影响、响应的安全等级上升到安全,年平均降水量、人均GDP、人均水资源量、水质状况指数、第三产业占比、湿地管理水平分别在6个子系统中关联度得分最高,对其生态安全状况影响最大;气候和人类活动是影响高原城市湿地生态安全的关键因素,主要有年平均降水量、城镇化率、水质状况指数、第三产业占比、人口密度、空气优良率、人均水资源量、湿地管理水平、年平均气温等。


关键词: 高原城市湿地, 湿地生态安全, DPSIRM模型, 主成分分析, 灰色关联法

Abstract: As a special ecosystem in plateau cities, urban wetland plays an important role in maintaining socio-economic development and ecological security. The evaluation of wetland ecological safety in plateau cities is the key to comprehensively understand ecological security status of wetland, which would provide scientific basis for protecting wetland and ecological security. With Xining section of Huangshui Basin as an example, we evaluated the ecological security of wetland from 2000 to 2019, through establishing ecological security index system of wetland based on DPSIRM model and the principal component analysis to determine the index weight. Further, the factors influencing wetland ecological security were analyzed using the gray correlation method. The results showed that the ecological security of wetland in Xining section of Huangshui Basin from 2000 to 2019 gradually improved, the comprehensive index of security increased from 0.338 to 0.781, and the level of security increased from unsafe to relatively safe. For the six subsystems, the security level of driving force, state and management had risen to relatively safe level, while pressure, impact and response had increased to safe level. Mean annual precipitation, per capita GDP, per capita water resources, water quality index, proportion of tertiary industry and wetland management level had the highest correlation scores, with the greatest influence on their ecological security. Climate and human activities were the critical factors affecting the ecological security of plateau urban wetland, mainly including mean annual precipitation, urbanization rate, water quality index, the proportion of tertiary industry, population density, the proportion of days with good air quality, per capita water resources, wetland management level, and mean annual temperature.


Key words: plateau urban wetland, wetland ecological security, DPSIRM model, principal component analysis, gray correlation method.