林龄和潮位对潟湖周边红树林微塑料分布的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202208.004

生态学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 2216-2225.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202208.004

林龄和潮位对潟湖周边红树林微塑料分布的影响

史云峰^1,2,王帅¹,王慧¹,王晟源¹,韩秋影^1,2,赵牧秋^1,2*

（¹海南热带海洋学院热带海洋生物资源利用与保护教育部重点实验室，海南三亚 572022； ²海南省现代化海洋牧场工程研究中心，海南三亚 572022）

出版日期:2022-11-10 发布日期:2022-12-07

Effects of stand age and tidal zone on the distribution of microplastics in mangroves near lagoon.

SHI Yun-feng^1,2, WANG Shuai¹, WANG Hui¹, WANG Sheng-yuan¹, HAN Qiu-ying^1,2, ZHAO Mu-qiu^1,2*#br#

#br#

(¹Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biological Resources Utilization and Protection, Ministry of Education, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, Hainan, China; ²Hainan Modern Marine Ranch Engineering Research Center, Sanya 572022, Hainan, China).

Online:2022-11-10 Published:2022-12-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于独特的地理位置和环境特征，红树林已经成为多种污染物的汇。本研究以海南省陵水县新村潟湖西侧的红树林为对象，调查了红树成林（>20 a）与幼林（4 a）水体及不同潮位沉积物中微塑料的分布特征。结果表明：红树成林表层海水和沉积物中微塑料丰度（91.2±15.0 n·L^-1，1972.9±805.2 n·kg^-1）均显著高于红树幼林（49.1±7.3 n·L^-1，686.2±64.3 n·kg^-1）；红树成林不同潮位样带间微塑料丰度表现为向陆侧最高（2822.7±309.6 n·kg^-1），向海侧最低（1221.3±292.9 n·kg^-1）。海水中薄膜类微塑料占比低于沉积物（6.5% vs 14.0%），而泡沫则高于沉积物（23.8% vs 15.9%）；沉积物中微塑料形态分布随林龄和潮带无明显变化规律。绝大多数（93.3%）微塑料粒径处于50～2500 μm范围，其中100～250 μm微塑料无论是在红树成林还是幼林中均为向海侧占比较高而向陆侧较低。白色微塑料所占比例最高（39.2%），其次是蓝色（21.6%）；幼林沉积物中白色微塑料占比高于成林，以向陆侧最高，向海侧最低；而成林中向海测高于向陆侧。红树林中微塑料的材质主要是聚乙烯（39.6%）、聚苯乙烯（28.3%）和聚丙烯（20.8%），且已遭受严重的侵蚀和风化。总体上，红树林生态系统能够对微塑料污染物产生汇集作用，且红树成林向陆侧汇集能力最强。

关键词: 新村潟湖, 表层海水, 沉积物, 纤维, 汇集作用

Abstract: Due to the unique geographical location and environmental characteristics, mangrove wetlands have become sinks of various pollutants. In this study, we investigated the distribution characteristics of microplastics in water and sediments of adult (>20 year-old) and juvenile (4 year-old) mangroves at different tidal zones in the west of Xincun lagoon in Lingshui County, Hainan Province. The results showed that the abundance of microplastics in surface seawater and sediments in adult mangrove (91.2±15.0 n·L^-1, 1972.9±805.2 n·kg^-1) was significantly higher than that of juvenile mangrove (49.1±7.3 n·L^-1, 686.2±64.3 n·kg^-1). The abundance of microplastics in different zones of adult mangrove was the highest on the landward (2822.7±309.6 n·kg^-1) and the lowest on the seaward (1221.3±292.9 n·kg^-1). The proportion of film microplastics in seawater was lower than that in sediments (6.5% vs 14.0%), while that of foam was higher in seawater than in sediments (23.8% vs 15.9%). There were no obvious patterns for the morphological distribution of microplastics in sediments in terms of stand age and tidal zone. The particle sizes of most microplastics (93.3%) ranged from 50 to 2500 μm, in which the proportion of 100-250 μm microplastics was higher on the seaward than that on the landward, both in adult and juvenile mangroves. The microplastics with white color had the highest proportion (39.2%), followed by blue (21.6%). The proportion of white microplastics in the sediments of juvenile mangrove was higher than that of adult mangroves, with the highest proportion on the landward, the lowest on the seaward, while higher proportion was found on the seaward than that on the landward in adult mangroves. The main materials of microplastics in mangroves were polyethylene (39.6%), polystyrene (28.3%), and polypropylene (20.8%), and were seriously eroded and weathered. Overall, mangrove ecosystems have the function of accumulating microplastic pollutants, and such ability is the strongest in adult mangroves on the landward.

Key words: Xincun lagoon, surface seawater, sediment, fiber, collecting function.

史云峰, 王帅, 王慧, 王晟源, 韩秋影, 赵牧秋. 林龄和潮位对潟湖周边红树林微塑料分布的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(11): 2216-2225.

SHI Yun-feng, WANG Shuai, WANG Hui, WANG Sheng-yuan, HAN Qiu-ying, ZHAO Mu-qiu. Effects of stand age and tidal zone on the distribution of microplastics in mangroves near lagoon.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(11): 2216-2225.

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林龄和潮位对潟湖周边红树林微塑料分布的影响

Effects of stand age and tidal zone on the distribution of microplastics in mangroves near lagoon.

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