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生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 3751-3759.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202111.005

• 技术与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

低成本材料对病毒ΦX174在土壤中迁移的影响

王瑞琦1,2,杨立琼1,庄杰3,石亚楠1,陈希娟1*   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016; 2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA)
  • 出版日期:2021-11-10 发布日期:2022-05-10

Effects of low-cost materials on the transport behavior of ΦX174 in soil.

WANG Rui-qi1,2, YANG Li-qiong1, ZHUANG Jie3, SHI Ya-nan1, CHEN Xi-juan1*   

  1. (1Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA).
  • Online:2021-11-10 Published:2022-05-10

摘要: 低成本工农业副产物和矿物材料对土壤和水体中病原微生物具有去除潜力。本研究以噬菌体ΦX174作为目标病原体,选用菱镁矿、煅烧菱镁矿、铁屑、生物炭、沸石、石灰石和铝矾土7种材料,分别与表层土壤按体积比1∶9混合后填装柱体,开展室内稳态饱和条件下的土柱迁移实验。结果表明,对ΦX174的去除率:煅烧菱镁矿(100.0%)>菱镁矿(23.3%)>铁屑(16.9%),其余4种材料(生物炭、沸石、石灰石、铝矾土)对ΦX174的去除率均低于15.0%。结合实验前后材料表面晶体结构和物相组成变化分析可知,煅烧菱镁矿在实验溶液中部分反应生成氢氧化镁,改变材料表面晶体结构和溶液化学条件,使病毒通过固相吸附和液相失活被截留去除。菱镁矿实验前后材料性质稳定,无反应产物生成。铁屑在实验溶液中部分反应,生成铁氧化物和羟基铁氧化物,增加了铁屑表面的病毒吸附位点。铁屑和菱镁矿可能的吸附机制为静电作用和疏水作用。探究不同材料对病毒在土壤中迁移行为的影响,可为防治病原微生物污染提供理论基础和修复依据。

关键词: 噬菌体, ΦX174, 工业/自然矿物, 工农业副产物, 去除

Abstract: Low-cost industrial/agricultural by products and mineral materials have the potential to remove pathogens in soil and water environment. We chose ΦX174 as the target pathogen. Magnesite, calcined magnesite, iron filings, biochar, zeolite, limestone and bauxite were mixed with soils from the top layer at a volume ratio of 1∶9 and filled into the column, respectively. An indoor soil column transport experiment was carried under steadystate saturated conditions to explore the effects of different materials on the transport behavior of soil viruses. Results showed that the removal rate of ΦX174 was in order of calcined magnesite (100.0%) > magnesite (23.3%) > iron filings (16.9%). The removal rates of ΦX174 were less than 15.0% for biochar, zeolite, limestone, and bauxite. The analysis of the changes in the surface crystal structure and phase composition of the materials before and after the experiment showed that the calcined magnesite partially reacts in the experimental solution to form magnesium hydroxide, which changes the surface crystal structure of the material and the chemical conditions of the solution, so that the virus was removed through solid phase adsorption and liquid phase inactivation. Magnesite’s material properties were stable, without any reaction products being formed. Iron filings partially react in the experimental solution to generate iron oxides and hydroxy iron oxides, which increase the virus adsorption sites on the surface of the iron filings. The possible adsorption mechanisms of iron filings and magnesite are electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction. Our results provide a theoretical basis and restoration reference for preventing and controlling pathogenic pollution.

 

Key words: bacteriophage, ΦX174, industrial/natural minerals, industrial/agricultural by-products, removal.