洞穴内外中小型土壤节肢动物群落特征及其对环境因子的响应

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202110.006

生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 3184-3194.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202110.006

洞穴内外中小型土壤节肢动物群落特征及其对环境因子的响应

杨大星,李灿^*,王春

（贵阳学院生物与环境工程学院，贵州省山地珍稀动物与经济昆虫重点实验室，贵州省山地生物资源保护与高效利用工程中心，贵阳 550005）

出版日期:2021-10-10 发布日期:2022-04-01

Characteristics of soil meso and microarthropods community inside and outside cave and the response to environmental factors.

YANG Da-xing, LI Can^*, WANG Chun

(Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insects of the Mountainous Region, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Biological Resources Protection and Efficient Utilization of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China).

Online:2021-10-10 Published:2022-04-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为掌握洞穴内外中小型土壤节肢动物群落特征及对环境因子的响应，于2019年1月（冬季）、5月（春季）、7月（夏季）和10月（秋季）在黔南州惠水县和长顺县选择洞内和洞外（距离洞口1~20 m）作为研究样地对中小型土壤节肢动物进行了调查。共获得中小型土壤节肢动物3948个，隶属6纲15目93科，优势类群为等节跳科（Isotomidae）和杆棱甲螨科（Mochlozetidae）。洞内和洞外中小型土壤节肢动物群落结构差异明显，洞外类群数、个体密度和Shannon指数显著高于洞内（P<0.05）。洞外中小型土壤节肢动物类群数、个体密度和Shannon指数季节波动明显（P<0.05），洞内类群数和Shannon指数季节差异显著（P<0.05）。隐爪螨科（Nanorchestidae）和杆棱甲螨科的分布具有时空稳定性；肉食螨科（Cheyletidae）、摇蚊科（Chironomidae）、球角跳科（Hypogastruridae）、平脊甲螨科（Autognetidae）、跳螨科（Sphacrolichidae）、前气门亚目（Prostigmata）、短甲螨科（Brachychthoniidae）、寄螨目（Parasiformes）、罗甲螨科（Lohmanniidae）、耳头甲螨科（Otocepheidae）和上罗甲螨科（Epilohmanniidae）季节敏感性高，空间敏感性低；若甲螨科(Oribatulidae)、无爪螨科（Alicorhagiidae）、盾螨科（Scutacaridae）、尾足螨科（Uropodidae）、盲甲螨科（Malaconothridae）、微离螨科（Microdispidae）、长须螨科（Stigmaeidae）、同翅目（Homoptera）、象甲科幼虫（Curculionidae larvae）、隐翅甲科成虫（Staphylinidae adult）和维螨科（Veigaiidae）具有时空敏感性。相关性分析和RDA分析表明，有效氮、有效钾和光照强度是影响中小型土壤节肢动物群落的主要环境因子。结果说明，洞穴内外中小型土壤节肢动物群落特征差异明显，光照条件、植被组成和土壤理化性质不同是产生差异的重要原因。

关键词: 洞穴, 中小型土壤节肢动物, 群落特征

Abstract: To understand soil meso and microarthropods community inside and outside of the cave in response to environmental factors, we investigated soil meso and microarthropods in four sampling sites in Huishui and Changshun counties, south Guizhou in January (winter), May (spring), July (summer), and October (autumn) of 2019. A total of 3948 soil meso and microarthropod individuals were captured, belonging to 6 classes, 15 orders and 93 families, with Isotomidae and Mochlozetidae being the dominant group. There was a significant difference in community structure of soil arthropods between the inside and outside of the cave. The group number, individual density, and Shannon index of soil meso and microarthropods of community outside the cave were significantly higher than those of inside (P<0.05). Moreover, the group number, individual density and Shannon index of soil meso and microarthropods showed seasonal variation in the community outside of the cave, while the group number and Shannon index had obvious seasonal fluctuation in the community inside of the cave. A weak spatiotemporal variation was observed for the Nanorchestidae and Mochlozetidae. Cheyletidae, Chironomidae, Hypogastruridae, Autognetidae, Sphacrolichidae, Prostigmata, Brachychthoniidae, Parasiformes, Lohmanniidae, Otocepheidae, and Epilohmanniidae had stronger spatial variation than seasonal variation. Oribatulidae, Alicorhagiidae, Scutacaridae, Uropodidae, Malaconothridae, Microdispidae, Stigmaeidae, Homoptera, Curculionidae larvae, Staphylinidae adults, and Veigaiidae showed strong spatial and seasonal variations. The results of correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil pH, soil available nitrogen and potassium, and light intensity were major factors affecting soil mesoand microarthropod communities. Collectively, community characteristics of soil meso and microarthropods were significantly different between the inside and outside of the cave. Such patterns were mainly caused by the differences of light condition, vegetation composition, and soil physicochemical properties.

Key words: cave, soil mesoand microarthropods, community characteristic.

杨大星, 李灿, 王春. 洞穴内外中小型土壤节肢动物群落特征及其对环境因子的响应 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(10): 3184-3194.

YANG Da-xing, LI Can, WANG Chun. Characteristics of soil meso and microarthropods community inside and outside cave and the response to environmental factors.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2021, 40(10): 3184-3194.

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洞穴内外中小型土壤节肢动物群落特征及其对环境因子的响应

Characteristics of soil meso and microarthropods community inside and outside cave and the response to environmental factors.

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