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中文
Table of Content
10 December 1999, Volume 18 Issue 06
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Temporal and Spatial Distributions of Nutrient Elements in Photosynthetic Organ of Sharptooth Oak Stands in Mt. Qinling
Liu Guangquan, Zhao Shidong
1999, (6): 1-9.
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The foliage nutrient contents of sharptooth oak stands with diameter classes, crown directions, crown layers, elevations and seasonal variation in Mt. Qinling were studied. The results show: there are not evident difference of the contents of foliage nutrient elements among diameter classes or crown directions. The contents of N、P、K and Mg in leaves gradually decrease with foliage age and from top to base of the crown, whereas content of Ca increases and reaches summit before falling of leaves. The contents of N、P、K and Ca in leaves were cut down by ascending elevation, but the content of Mg doesn't change much. There are marked positive relativity among N、P、K and Mg and negative relativity between Ca and N、P、K 、Mg in leaves. Ratio of N/P and N/K goes steadily up with foliage age, whereas ratio of K/Mg goes slow down. Ratio of K/Ca is higher at the beginning of spreading-leaves and than gradually decreases. The accumulation of foliage nutrient elements is influnced by foliage development and the accumulation contents of different nutrient elements are influnced by different essential factors. Meanwhile, the paper gives a sampling suggestion of location、period and number for analyzing foliage nutrient situation.
Studies of Population Structure and Dynamics of Castanopsis eyrei at Tiantai Mountain of Zhejiang Province
Jin Zexin
1999, (6): 10-15,32.
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The population structure and dynamics of
Castanopsis eyrei
in the evergreen broad-leaved forest on the Tiantai Mountain of Zhejiang Province were studied by means of spatial sere substituting for time sere. The results show: the shapes of size-class distribution diagram in various plots of
Castanopsis eyrei
population are basically similar; the population survival cures are of remarkable linear; the population age structure is stable. The population density of
Castanopsis eyrei
is reduced with its diameter class becoming larger, and the relevant pattern between density and diameter class is: D= 8.5178 ?104A-1.7497. The distribution patterns in the population plots are indicative of clump. The distribution patterns of seedlings, treelets and saplings in various plots are of clump;medium-sized trees are of clump or possion; big trees are of possion.
Studies on the Population Ecology of
Brentisentis yangtzensis
Fang Jianping
1999, (6): 16-19.
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Total number of 76
Pseudobagrus fulvidraco
(Richardson)caught in Huangzhou along the Yangtze River from June to July in 1998 were examined for infection by
Brentisentis yangtzensis
. The infection rate of the host was 30.3% and the intensity of infection was 60. The infection rate of female host was higher than that of male,but the difference of parasite intensity between female and male host was not significant. The parasite intensity of the host with body length within 23cm increased notably with increasing of the body length,but the parasite intensity of the host with body length above 23cm decreased rapidly and no
Brentisentis yangtzensis
was found in the host with body length above 31cm. Distribution of
Brentisentis yangtzensis
was clumped in the host population. The 90.3% of the parasite was distributed in first 1/3 intestinal portion of the host. The population structure pattern of the parasite looked like a pyramid. The parasitism did not cause obvious difference of condition factor in the hosts.
The Acute Toxicity of Two New Types of Pesticides to Earthworms Through Different Exposure Systems
Kong Zhiming, Zang Yu, Cui Yuxia, Zhang Xun, Zhang Min, Zhong Yuan
1999, (6): 20-23,37.
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Earthworms as test animats,were exposed in different concentrations of two pesticides:1(6 chloro 3 pyridinylmthyl)N nitromidazoliding-2-ylideneamin and 2′benzoyi 1′ tert butylbenzoylhydrazinc.The acute toxicity of these two pesticides was measured as median lethal concentration values(LC
50
)of earth worms.Tests of three different exposure systems were performed:the comact filter paper bioassay,the immersion bioassay and the artificial soil bioassay.The results indicated that the two new type pesticides showed vaious toxic effects through different exposure paths.The LC
50
of 1(6 chloro 3 pyridinymethyl)N nitromidazolidin-2-ylideneamine was 0.034 ug·cm
-2
for 48hr filter paper test,0.77mg·ml
-1
for 48hr inmersion test and 2.3mg·kg
-1
for 14d artiflcial soil test,respectively; while the 2′ benzoy 1′tert butylbenzoylhydrazine was>480 μg·cm
-2
for 48hr filter paper test. 2655 mg·ml
-1
for 48hr immersion test,and>10000mg·kg
-1
for 14d artificial soil test,respectively.These outcome led to a conelusion that 1(6 chloro 3 pyridinylmethyl)N nitromidazolidin-2-ylideneamine was far more toxic than 2′ benzoyl 1′tert butylbenzoylhydrazine with regard to acute toxicity to earthworm.However,the comprehensive assessment of the influence of both the two pesticides to soil ecosystem could not be made only by acute toxic tests because we were not aware of the mechanism acted on organisms.
The Relation Between Geographic Distribution of
Gordonia acuminata
and Environment
Ke Wenshan, Zhong Zhangcheng, Yang Yi, Wang Wanxian
1999, (6): 24-27.
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The geographic distribution of
Gordonia acuminata
in four provinces of Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan and Guangxi is disconnected. The whole distribution region is divided into three parts: Sichuan(A), Guangxi(B), Yunnan(C). The Kira' WI and CI indices and the Xu wenduo' index were used to analyze the water and thermal range of the species distribution. The adaptive range of
G. acuminata
to light, soil type and pH was also discussed.
Grey Model Analysis for Relationship between Soil Active Organic Matters and Environmental Factors in Northeast Heavy Frigid Region of China
Su Yongchun, Gou Yingbo
1999, (6): 28-32.
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The relationship between seasonal variation of soil active organic matters and 18 environmental factors were studied by grey connected analysis in the northeast heavy frigid region of China.The primary and secondary factors of influencing the variation were founded out. Dota set was composed of the soil active organic matter and 4 environmentl fators(catalase,invertase,avaiable P and pH value), then the grey model [GM(0,5)]was established: X
1
(1)
(K)=-3.962891X
2
(1)
(K)- 0.4794922 X
3
(1)
(K)0.8242188X
4
(1)
(K)+ 9.273438X
5
(1)
(K)-2.185547.
A Comparative Study on Territories of White-Naped Crane and Red-Crowned Crane
Li Fangman, Li Peixun
1999, (6): 33-37.
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The territories and territrial behavior of White-naped Crane and Red-crowned Crane were studied in Rindian County of Heilongjiang province from March to May in 1986-1988.Eight territories of White-naped crane and six of Red-crowned Crane were investigated.The results show that two species have successtively occupied the same territory for many years.The maximum size of occupied territory by Red-crowned Crane is 4.0 km
-2
with the average of 3.65 km
-2
and by White-naped crane is 10.7 km
-2
with the average of 7 km
-2
.During most period of breeding, the size of territories of two species were gradually reduced to less than 1.5 km
-2
until nesting period,The area of territories of White-naped Crane with fixed foraging crop field is smaller than that of the territories without crop field.
Advance in the Ecological Adaptability of the Clonal Plant in Wetlands
He Chiquan, Zhao Kuiyi, Yu Guoying
1999, (6): 38-46.
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Based on the information obtained from ecological adaptability researches of clonal population in the world, some concepts of clonal plant population ecology were defined. According to the special habitat of the clonal plant in wetlands, the adaptability of its growth pattern and its effect mechanism, i.e. the clonal plant through the change of the hormone balance(the ratio of IAA/IPA)adjusts the active intensity and controls the plant vegetative form, was discussed. The special propagate countermeasure and its reproductive allocation and investment was reviewed and discussed in detail. And the research methods currently available was also introduced. The scale of research perspective of ecological adaptability in wetland is suggested.
On the Historical and Ecological Views of Sustainable Development
Xia Hanping, Yang Shaohai
1999, (6): 47-53.
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Sustainable development is a very comprehensive concept associated with history, society, economy, ecology, and philosophy. Its formation has profoundly historical backgrounds, which could go back to agricultural civilization thousands of years ago. It also has deeply ecological backgrounds coming from ecological philosophy, ecological economics, ecological ethics and the like. Its thoughts and theory systems contain a lot of ecological principles, including complex eco-system principle, ecological balance principle, niche principle, and so on. Sustainable development has become a common sense and an optimum choice of all mankind.
Advances in the Research of Weeds and Crops Competition Model
Tu Xiuliang, Hu Bingmin
1999, (6): 54-58.
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Advances in the research of weeds and crops competition model are summarized in three parts : 1.establishment of the empirical models. 2. the dynamic simulation models. 3. the application of the researches in weed management. And the research directions are also advised.
A Review of the Effect of Light on Physiological Activities of Fishes
Zhou Xianqing, Niu Cuijuan, Li Qingfen
1999, (6): 59-61,74.
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Effects of light on reproduction, metabolism and endocrine of fishes were summarized in the review. The effect of light on reproduction varied not only with different fish species, but also with defferent developmental stages of the same species. Metabolic rate was significantly affected by photoperiod. Change in light intensity and photoperiod could affect the activity of endocrine gland.
Study on Activities of the Laccase and Polyphenol Oxidase of Corilus versicolor
Wang Yilei, Zhu Tao, Deng Zhenxu
1999, (6): 62-64.
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Activities of the laccase and polyphenol oxidase of
Corilus versicolor
cultured in PDY fluid medium were studied. The peak of enzyme production appeared in the 9th day for laccase and 14th for polyphenol oxidase in the constant temperature vibration of 30℃ and 110r/min and the maxmum enzyme activity of the former was 395.6u and the later was 549.0u. The optimum temperature and pH were 25℃ and 4.6 for laccase and 30℃ and 5.0 for polyphenol oxidase. The k
+
and Zn
2+
were activators for laccase and Mn
2+
,Ba
2+
, Mg
2+
for polyphenol oxidase, wheras Fe
3+
and Ag
+
were inhbited for both of them.
Meta-Analysis: A Graet Revolution in Review
Peng Shaolin, Zheng Fengying
1999, (6): 65-70.
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Meta-analysis,a statistical method to integrate the results of multiple independent studies under a same subject,has more merits than traditional reviews. It had experienced three developmental stages. It has been widely used in Education,Psychology and Medicine,but is new in Ecology. And it is a new concept to most Chinese scholars. The process of Meta-analysis was reviewed in the paper.
