Table of Content

10 February 2000, Volume 19 Issue 01

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System Analysis and Prediction of Phosphorus Cycling in the Ecosystem of Secondary Oak Forest in the Hilly Region of Southern Jiangsu Province

Chen Jinlin, Jiang Zhilin, Zhang Wuzhao, Zhang Jingyi, Jia Yongzheng

2000, (1):  1-5,11. 

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System analysis and prediction of phosphorus cycling in the ecosystem of secondary oak forest was carried out in the hilly region of Southern Jiangsu Province.The main results indicated that the total amount of phosphorus in the ecosystem of 45-years-old oak forest was 3205.213kg穐a^-1 ,of which about 97.6% was stored in the soil compartment and only 2.4% in the vegetation. The trees only used a little amount of total phosphorus in the ecosystem.The phosphorus dynamic showed that the total amount of phosphorus absorbed by the oak increased with years,but the productivity and the phosphorus accumulation rate in the oak ecosystem decreased gradually. However,if increasing of external phosphorus input or decreasing of phosphorus output, the growth of oak would be promoted and the phosphorus accumulation rate in the ecosystem was also accelerated. Therefore, the rational management of the oak forest ecosystem was important and necessary.

Studies on Regulating Effects of Ecological Factors on the Yield-related traits in Maize

Guo xiaohua

2000, (1):  6-11. 

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Regulating effects of ecological factors such as planting density,fertilizer,water and photointensity on the yield-related traits in Maize were studied by the methods of combination of field-growth with pot-growth. The results are as follows:raising density can cause the decrease of chlorophyll content, leaf area and dry weight per plant. The effects of density and the interaction of density with fertilizer on the grain number per ear reached high significant levels(F=55.08 ^** ,F=70.30 ^** ). The effect of Pfertilizer is less than that of density(F=7.33 ^*). Grain weight and grain number per ear was reduced 44.66% and 52.32% under drought from silking to 6 days after silking respectivily. Abortive grains were increased 443.85% and 100-grain weight was decreased 21.81% from 12 to 17 days after silking.Photointensity on ear position and low leaf layer were correlated and regressed significantly to grain traits.

Research and Constructive Practice of Ecological Agricultural System in the Hilly Area of South Ningxia

Xie Yingzhong

2000, (1):  12-18. 

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The theory and practice of classification, adaptability evaluation and optimizing collocation of land resource in ecological and economical agricultural system in the semi-arid hilly area of Loess Plateau were studied. Following the discipline of interaction of land resource and human and applying principles and methods of system engineering , the agricultural production system was optimized. Moreover, the relationship of ecological agricultural construction and territorial management was discussed.

Effects of Single and Combinative Pollutions of Lead, Cadmium and Chromium on the Germination of Brassica chinensis L

Ren Anzhi, Gao Yubao

2000, (1):  19-22. 

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Germiantion of Brassica chinensis L. grown in the solution with different concentrations of lead, cadmium and chromium (single and combinative) was investigated. Root lengths decreased with the increase of lead, cadmium and chromium in hydroponic solution. The physiological toxicity order for these three ions was Cr⁶⁺ >Cd²⁺ >Pb²⁺ . The uptake of Pb by Brassica chinensis was enhanced with Pb addition. The toxicity of Cr and Pb was reduced due to precipitation of Cr₂O₇^2- and Pb²⁺ . The toxicity of Cd to plant decreased when Cr⁶⁺ was added.

Systems Analysis of Food Production and Population Capacity of the Land in Gansu Province

Niu Shuwen

2000, (1):  23-31. 

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Based on characteristics of Changes of food production and consumption level during recent 15 years, this paper designed a system model, defined some parameters and variables and carried out simulation study of food production and population capacity of the land in Gansu province by systems analysis. The population quantity that land can bear on four food consumption levels (poor, just enough, enough, good) in 2010 year in Gansu was given according to calculation of the two targets of capitation grain and non-staple food. The situation of population capacity was simulated when some variable factors such as population quantity, consumption level, changes of farm land, increase of irrigation area, input of industry energy, advance of science and technology in agriculture, and natural calamity dynamically changed. The characteristics and tendency of relationship between population and land changes was calculated for the coming 15 years. In view of the above, countermeasures and suggestions about harmonization of relationship between population and resources and realization sustainable development were put forward.

Relationship between Community Structure of Big Soil Animals and Harm Degree of Oligia Vulgaxis in Bamboo Forests of Ningguo County

Wang Zongying, Zhu Yongheng, Lu Youcheng, Pan Zhiqiang, Yu Yesheng, Huang Gongming

2000, (1):  32-35,31. 

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By means of applying indexes of species riehness (S),individual number (N),evenness(E) and Shannon diversity (H),relationship between community structure of big soil animals and harm degree of Oligia Vulgaxis in bamboo forest was studied in Ningguo County. The results Showed that in the bamboo forest seriously harmed by O.vulgaxis the ant nests could be found everywhere and the dominant and common group of big soil animals community and cocoons of O.vulgaxis decreased. The index N was low,while indexes E and H were high.The relationship between the harm degree and indes Swas not obvious.In different seriously harmed ecology types,no matter how many indeses Sand Nwere,index Hwas always higher because of higher index E.

Ecological Analysis of the Urban Plants Based on Remote Sensing

Gao Jun, Fang Fang

2000, (1):  36-41. 

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An ecological analysis of the urban plants in Shanghai with infrared aerial photography was carried out. According to the urban tree's figure characters and their photography traits, a series of the interpretation marks of 16 species of the urban trees of infrared aerial photography could be set up. Meanwhile, by the comparison study between the London Plane( Platanus hispanica )'s chlorophyll amounts and it's photo color density, it is believed that they have a better correlation. This study will benefit to classification and the ecological quality analysis of the urban vegetation.

Landscape Ecology-Concepts and Theories

Wu Jianguo

2000, (1):  42-52. 

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Landscape ecology is an interdisciplinary field that has been rapidly developing in the past few decades. New ideas and perspectives that emphasize spatial heterogeneity, hierarchical linkages, and interactions between pattern, process, and scale have given the field an unique and significant identity. This paper is intended to review and synthesize the recent advances in landscape ecology, presenting a set of core concepts and theories, which include scale, pattern-process, spatial heterogeneity, edge effect, hierarchy theory, patch dynamics, patch-corridor-matrix model, island biogeographic theory, metapopulation theory, landscape connectivity, neutral models, and percolation theory.

Restoration Ecology — An Effective Way to Restore Biodiversity of Degraded Ecosystems

Zhao Ping, Peng Shaolin, hang Jingwei

2000, (1):  53-58. 

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Conversion of natural habitats from forest to agricultural and industrial landscape and then to degraded land is a major factor resulting in reduced biodiversity. Species with different functional traits strongly affect on structure and function of ecosystem. Low biodiversity characterizes the degraded ecosystems which bring great concern in the world. The emerging of restoration ecology provides tool and opportunity to reverse the trend of losing species. Therefore, whether a degraded ecosystem could be recovered or not depends on the recovery of its biodiversity.

Structure of the Protozoan Community in Soil and its Ecological Functions

Gao Yunchao, Zhu Wenshan, Chen Wenxin

2000, (1):  59-65. 

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Soil protozoan is the third largest taxon in soil biota and an important biological regulator for soil organisms and biochemical activities because of its biodiversity predacity and enormous biomass in soil. Different trophic types such as photosynthetic autroph, saprotroph and predacity existed in protozoan. Since predation not only controls the bacteria community but also stimulate nutrient transformation and carbon cycling, the study on protozoan community structure and ecological function is one of the bases for elucidating the soil fertility. The article reviewed the research progresses in protozoan community, trophic types, ecological function and application in soil.

Study on the Organic Material Flow among Forestry, Livestock and Agriculture in Minquan County of Hunan Province

Liu Jinlong, Xiao Bing

2000, (1):  66-69. 

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The agriculture, forestry and livestock in Minquan County of Henan province were integrated as a whole eco-system in present study. By means of systematic sampling and random sampling, interview with farmers and investigation in overall and in sites, the relationship among forestry, agriculture and livestock in Minquan County was analysed. Fuelwood provided 2.6944 months of family fuel energy with 86.4 kg of average fuelwood consumption per capital and 6.1673?1010⁷kg in total. The foliage from the trees was amounted to 1.385?1010⁷kg, up to 21.95% of the total coarse foliage. The biomass of organic fertilizer from the trees was amounted to 1.761?1010⁷kg, up to 9.34% of the total. The results indicate that forestry in plain area is essential not only for the structure of plain agriculture system but also for the function of the ecosystem.

Dusky Thrush and Amur Corktree in Nature Ecosystem

Chang Jiachuan, Lu Changhu, Wu Jianping, You Zhaoqun

2000, (1):  70-71. 

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Both dusky thrush(Turdus numanni) and Amur corktree ( Phellodendron amurense) are only distributed in East Asia. Dusky thrush pass through or stay at the distribution area of Amur corktree during its migrating or wintering period. The thrush mainly eat fruits of Amur corktree and disperse the seeds at the same time. Amutualism exists between the bird and the tree. The Amur corktree are dispersed mainly by the thrush. Under natural condition, seeds of Amur corktree can not germinate under the mother tree.

Applications of Flow Cytometer in Ecological Studies of Nano- and Pico-phytoplankton

Sun Shucun, Jianjian

2000, (1):  72-78. 

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Flow cytometer (FCM) can be used to obtain the muti-parameters of the light scattering and fluorescence of individual cell rapidly and conveniently. It has been more and more applied in oceanographic and limnological studies. The work principles of FCM and its applications in the ecological studies of nano- and pico-phytoplankton were introduced and reviewed based on some recent publications abroad and at home in this paper. By means of FCM, sub-populations of phytoplankton can easily be classified, counted and sorted, and then further studies of the adaptive ability and ecological responses of the sub-populations can be implemented. It was concluded that FCM would have a prosperous prospect in the studies of the primary production and the microbial food web in marine ecosystem.