Table of Content

10 June 1990, Volume 9 Issue 03

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Ecolomic Thought and the Exploitation and Construction of Arid and Semi-arid Regions in China

Shi Shan

1990, (3):  4-8. 

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Based on the analysis of existing problems in arid and semi-arid regions,this paper putsforward the strategies using ecolomic thought to the exploitation and construction of aridand semi-arid regions.

Water and Soil Conservating Cultivation Method—A Major Measure for Managing Cultivated Sloping Land in the Loess Plateau

Wang Dexuan, Peng Keshan

1990, (3):  9-11. 

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The Loess plateau region fames the most intensive water and soil erosion in the world.Thewater and soil erosion in cultivated sloping land leads to the reduction of agricultural yieldsand deterioration of soil.This paper introduces the water and soil conservating cultivationmethod and its role in controlling water and soil erosion.Scientific predictions are made forthe developing trends of this method in managing cultivated sloping land.

Designing for Upland Crops Ecological Engineering

Du Xintian, Zhang laiying

1990, (3):  12-15. 

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This paper discusses the objective and characteristics of upland crops ecological engineering,and the item,principle and procedures for its designing.It can be refered and applied to cropproduction in upland regions.

Ecological Management for Agricultural Production

Wen Dazhong

1990, (3):  16-20. 

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This paper introduces the concept of ecological management for agricultural production.Somerecent practices for the ecological management of agricultural production in Northeastern China are discussed.Suggestions for developing integrated ecological management of asustainable productive agriculture are given.

Strengthening Consciousness of Upland Agriculture, Extending Ways for Upland Farming in Wenxi

Zhang Chengli

1990, (3):  21-23. 

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This paper reviews some experiences of agricultural development from conventional to modernagriculture in arid areas of Wenxi county since 1950s.,and ways for further development ofagriculture in arid regions are suggested.

Study on the Semi-arid Agroecosystem in Central Gansu Province and Technologlcal Countermeasures for the Comprohensiye Increasing of Production

Lin Haiming, Hu Hengjiao

1990, (3):  24-26. 

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The a groecosystem in central Gansu semi-arid regions possesses a poor stability and lowproductive level.The essential reasons are summarized in the paper according to the 3 years′study in Lumacha village in 1984—1986.A series of technological countermeasures are putforward for the comprehensive increasin g of production,and effective ways are put forwardfor the exploitation and of agricultural production in the region.

An Approach to the Construction of Forest-grassland-farmland Complex Ecosvstem in Sandy Land of West-central Jilin province

Zhang Yi, Xu Linshu, Li Tiecheng, Feng Xiuwen, Zhang Hongquan, Liu Oingyu

1990, (3):  27-31. 

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This paper applies system theory and engineering techniques to establish a forest-farmland-grassland complex ecosystem by making up different temporal and spatial combination ofperennial woody plant,grass and crops according to the unity of ecology and economics.Itaims to find new ways to fully use land,space,light,temperature,water and fertilizers andraise productivity of the sandy land.Principles and policies for agroecological constructionin sandy land of semi-humid temperate zones are put forward.

Characteristics of Water Cycling in Spring Wheat Field in Semi-arid Area of West Liaoning

Wang Shixin, Zhuang Jiping

1990, (3):  32-37. 

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The maximum water-consumption of spring wheat in semi-arid area of west Liaoning is atthe stages of jointing-heading and milking,but the daily maximum consumption is at flowing stage.Soil moisture regime is decisive to water-consumption of spring wheat.Under favourable conditions of water supply,the moisture in lower soil layers is relatively less effective for increasing yield.A reasonable irrigation system can raise the water utilization efficiency of wheat.310—340mm can be used as a reference value of water requirement and consumption of spring wheat in west Liaoning.Winter irrigation is significant for the growth anddevelopment of spring wheat.

System Analysis for Matter Cycling in Asroecosystem

Lu Bingyou, Wang Liufang

1990, (3):  38-41. 

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This paper deals with the existing problems of nutrient cycling and its solution appreaches inWeibei highland agroecosystem.The results show that readjusting structure,increasing input,reducing ineffective consumption,raising efficiency of nutrients and exploitating technology are the essential measures for the control of the ecological environment.

Eraluation ofi the Agroecological Effects of Shelterbelt Network in Northeast Semi-arid Regions

Hu Jiatiang, Xiang Kaifu, Zhao Yusen

1990, (3):  42-45. 

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The ecological effects of shelterbelt network result from its integrated affections on variousmeteorological factors.In semi-arid regions,it can be expressed by evaporation power:Ec=1/2[1.6(10T/I)^a+1.05(e_a-e_d)(1+0.5u)].The calculated regression equation is:Ec=246.52-12.17e+0.58t+6.58u.Because of the shelter effect,the monthly field evaporation in growing season can be reduced by 30—32.5mm maximumly,just equal to having another heavyrainfall compared with open areas.The average monthly reduction is 13.8mm,it's equal tohaving a middle rainfall in sheltered farmland.The best benefited area oceupies two third ofthe total area in networks.The non-or little benefited area occupies only 4—5%.It depends on tree height of shelterbelt and size of network,which can be regulated by rational designing.

Summarizing Experiences in Upland Agriculture and Strengthening Agro-ecological Construction

Li Shusheng, Li Lanting, Wang Guanwei

1990, (3):  46-48,61. 

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Taking Wuan prefecture as an example,this paper summarizes the experiences in uplandagricultural development,because of which,grain and cotton productions per 1 mm precipitation reach to 520g and 70g,55% and 114% respectively higher than those of 10 years ago.The fundamental experiences are:(1)improve farmland basic construction with soil and waterconservation as a central task,(2)transform cropping system for reserving precipitation,(3)readjust crop arrangement and grow drought-resistant breeds,(4)popularize drought-reliefseeding techniques,(5)establish a complex ecological structure including agriculture,forestry and livestock farming.Problems in further strengthening agroecological constructionare discussed.

New Explorations for Increasing Upland Agricultural Production in Shanxi Province

Guo Jinyu, Ma Ziqing

1990, (3):  49-51,68. 

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This paper suggests that the way out for increasing upland agricultural production is tochange the conventional method “searching for water according to crops” into the method“selecting crops according to natural rainfall”,synchronize water requirement of crops withrainfall,make full use of the aggregated precipitation in July-Sept.,grow short-season andhigh-yield crops,recommend plant-transfering cultivation and develope the method of waterreservation in tillage layers.At the same time,attentions should be paid to mulching filmpollution,timely relief for drought and water adjustment inside plant body.

A Two-ways Transformation Method for System Structural Regulating and the Designing of Crops Arranqement in Semi-arid Regions

Yao Jianmin

1990, (3):  52-55. 

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Based on practice,a two-ways transformational method is put forward for system structuralregulating and applied to the designing of agro-ecolomic system.This method is a new wayfor the coordination of overall system objective and subsystem objectives,which has boththeoretical significance and important practical values in solving problems coupling with theagroecological construction of arid and semi-arid regions and in regulating and designing ofagro-ecolomic system.

Research on the Overall Structural Designing of Agroeoosystem in Jianping County

Li Haiyang

1990, (3):  56-61. 

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Simulation research has been taken out on the structure of agroecosystem in Jianping countyby methods of environmental differentiation,system analysis and system dynamics accordingto the existing structures of agroecosystem in the county.Evaluated comprehensively to thesimulation results of three kinds of experimental policies,th “agriculture-forestry-livestockfarming type” design appears to be better at the present time.After the funds,technologyand management level reach to a definite grade,it is urged to progress for the “comprehensivetype” and “industrial type”.

An Approach to the Strategy of Agroecological Construction in Arid Regions

He Zhangqi, Zhang Zhenyu

1990, (3):  62-64. 

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The strategies of agroecological construction in arid regions are put forward based on the 40years′successful and faiture experiences of agricultural production in the typical arid Xin-jiang Uygur Autonomous Region.They are:regard drainage area as system boundary,set waterresources into rational use,build up water-economizing type agriculture,develope superioreconomic crops,build up an agroecosystem,make further advances in afforestation and grasscultivation and expand reproductive energy resources.These measures are basical to guaranteethe construction of a highly effective agroecological system with rational transformation ofenergy and matter flows.

Characteristics of Eco-climatic Resources and Development of Agriculture in the Chaidamu Basin of Qinghai Province

Wang Shaoming

1990, (3):  65-68. 

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In this paper,the characteristics of eco-climatic resources and obstacle factors for agriculturaldevelopment in the Chaidamu Basin are discussed,and further ways for eco-environmentprotection,resource superiority exploitation and reasonable development of this region aresuggested.