贵州疣螈栖息地水质评价

生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 2636-2645.

贵州疣螈栖息地水质评价

李林芝,陈浒^*,王存璐,陈静,张红梅,杨乙未,郭城

（贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院/国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心/中国南方喀斯特生态环境学科创新引智基地(“111基地”)/贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境省部共建国家重点实验培育基地，贵阳 550001）

出版日期:2020-08-10 发布日期:2021-02-10

Water quality assessment in the habitat of Tylototriton kweichowensis.

LI Lin-zhi, CHEN Hu^*, WANG Cun-lu, CHEN Jing, ZHANG Hong-mei, YANG Yi-wei, GUO Cheng

(School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control/Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation (“111 Center”)/The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001, China).

Online:2020-08-10 Published:2021-02-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探明贵州疣螈（Tylototriton kweichowensis）栖息地的水质状况及影响其栖息地选择的环境因子，于2019年5月、8月和10月分别对毕节市撒拉溪石漠化综合治理区7个分布点、2个对照点的水温、pH、DO、TN、TP、NH₃-N和COD_Mn、Cu、Hg、Pb、Cr、Cd、Mn、Zn、As等理化指标进行了测定，并运用单因子评价法和内梅罗综合污染指数评价法对水质进行评价。结果表明：9个采样点中3个样点的水质类别为Ⅲ类，污染程度为警戒水平；1个样点为Ⅳ类，受到轻度污染；5个样点为劣Ⅴ类，受到重度污染；超标指标有pH、DO、TN、TP、NH₃-H、COD_Mn和Mn，其中TN和NH₃-N是造成水环境水质差的主要指标；通过两组对照点环境因子对比，在被测指标中，水温和pH值是影响贵州疣螈栖息地选择较大的环境因子，水温低于13 ℃或pH<6的水体不适于贵州疣螈生存。

关键词: 贵州疣螈, 水质, 污染源, 栖息地选择

Abstract: To assess water quality of Tylototriton kweichowensis habitats and the environmental factors affecting its habitat selection, the physical and chemical indices, including As water temperature, pH, DO, TN, TP, NH₃-N, COD_Mn, Cu, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cd, Mn, Zn and As, were measured in seven distribution sites and two contrast sites in the demonstration area for comprehensive management of rocky desertification in Salaxi of Bijie City, Guizhou Province in May, August and October of 2019. Single factor evaluation method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index were used to evaluate water quality. The results showed that water quality of three sites was classified into class III, with the pollution degree being in alert level; one into class IV, being slightly polluted; five into worse than class V, being severely polluted. The indices thatexceeded the limit include pH, DO, TN, TP, NH₃-N, COD_Mn and Mn, among which TN and NH₃-N were the main factors causing poor water quality. By comparing the environmental factors of the two control sites, water temperature and pH were important factors affecting the habitat selection of T. kweichowensis, with water environment with temperature lower than 13 ℃ or pH<6 being not suitable for the survival of T. kweichowensis.

Key words: Tylototriton kweichowensis, water quality, source of pollution, habitat selection.

李林芝, 陈浒, 王存璐, 陈静, 张红梅, 杨乙未, 郭城. 贵州疣螈栖息地水质评价[J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(8): 2636-2645.

LI Lin-zhi, CHEN Hu, WANG Cun-lu, CHEN Jing, ZHANG Hong-mei, YANG Yi-wei, GUO Cheng. Water quality assessment in the habitat of Tylototriton kweichowensis.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2020, 39(8): 2636-2645.

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