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无锡地区常见树木根际土壤酸杆菌多样性

魏志文1,2,李韵雅1,2,江威1,2,廖祥儒1,2*   

  1. (1江南大学工业生物技术教育部重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214122;2江南大学生物工程学院, 江苏无锡 214122)
  • 出版日期:2018-09-10 发布日期:2018-09-10

Diversity of Acidobacteria in rhizosphere soils of common trees in Wuxi.

WEI Zhi-wen1,2, LI Yun-ya1,2, JIANG Wei1,2, LIAO Xiang-ru1,2*   

  1. (1Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; 2School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China).
  • Online:2018-09-10 Published:2018-09-10

摘要: 为了研究植物类型和土壤理化性质对酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)细菌在植物根际土壤中分布特征的影响,采用Illumina高通量测序技术,对无锡地区常见的落叶树和常绿树根际土壤酸杆菌门微生物的相对丰度和亚群分布特征进行分析。结果表明,酸杆菌为无锡常见树木根际土壤中的第二大细菌类群,在各样品土壤中的比例为15.4%~28.78%;7种土壤样品中共检测到20个酸杆菌亚群,Gp1、Gp2、Gp3、Gp4、Gp5和Gp6为该土壤环境中优势亚群,占整个酸杆菌门比例的80.23%~94.85%;亚群Gp1、Gp2、Gp3在常绿树根际土中比例较高,而Gp4、Gp5和Gp6在落叶树根际土中丰度更高;亚群Gp14仅在常绿树根际土中存在,而亚群Gp9、Gp18、Gp20和Gp22只存在于落叶树的根际土中,说明植物类型对酸杆菌亚群在根际土壤中的分布存在影响。在各项土壤理化指标中,土壤总氮对酸杆菌的丰度有显著影响(P<0.05);土壤中酸杆菌亚群的分布受到土壤pH的极显著影响(P<0.01)。以上研究结果表明,无锡地区常见树土壤中酸杆菌门微生物组成和多样性主要受到土壤pH、总氮含量和树木类型的影响,其中土壤pH是影响酸杆菌多样性的关键因素。

关键词: 水稻, 化肥减施增效, 氮磷流失, 影响因素, 环境效益

Abstract: We evaluated the effects of plant types and soil physicochemical properties on the distribution of Acidobacteria in the rhizosphere soil. Soil samples were collected from the mixed evergreen and deciduous forest of Mey Blossom Garden, Wuxi City. The Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was adopted to analyze the relative abundance and subgroup distribution of Acidobacteria. The results showed that Acidobacteria was the second most abundant bacterial group, accounting for 15.4%-28.78% of the total. We obtained 20 acidobacterial subgroups from seven soil samples. The Gp1, Gp2, Gp3, Gp4, Gp5, Gp6 were the dominant acidobacterial subgroups, accounting for 80.23%-94.85% of the acidobacterial sequences. Gp1, Gp2 and Gp3 were the predominant subgroups in the evergreen tree rhizosphere soils, while Gp4, Gp5 and Gp6 were dominant in the deciduous tree soils. The subgroup Gp14 was only found in the rhizosphere soils of evergreen trees, while Gp9, Gp18, Gp20 and Gp22 were merely found in the deciduous tree soils. The results indicated that the plant types could affect the distribution of acidobacterial subgroups in rhizosphere soils. Among the soil physicochemical indices, the abundance of Acidobacteria was significantly influenced by total nitrogen content (P<0.05), and the distribution of soil acidobacterial subgroups was significantly affected by soil pH (P<0.01). The results suggested that the acidobacterial community composition and diversity were predominantly affected by soil pH, total nitrogen content, and tree types. Soil pH was the key factor influencing acidobacterial diversity.

Key words: optimized fertilization, influencing factor, environmental benefit, nitrogen and phosphorus losses, rice