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基于卫星遥感的宁夏PM10时空变化特征分析

毛慧琴,陈辉*,厉青,张玉环,王中挺   

  1. (环境保护部卫星环境应用中心, 北京 100094)
  • 出版日期:2018-08-10 发布日期:2018-08-10

Analysis on the spatio-temporal changes of PM10 concentration over Ningxia using satellite remote sensing.

MAO Hui-qin, CHEN Hui*, LI Qing, ZHANG Yu-huan, WANG Zhong-ting   

  1. (Satellite Environment Center, the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Beijing 100094, China).
  • Online:2018-08-10 Published:2018-08-10

摘要: 为摸清宁夏地区2013年以来大气环境的变化情况,利用MODIS卫星遥感AOD数据、气象数据及同期地面观测的PM10质量浓度数据,采用地理加权回归方法构建宁夏地区PM10遥感估算模型,分析了2013—2016年宁夏地区PM10时空变化特征。结果表明:从空间分布上看,2013—2016年,宁夏地区PM10空间差异较为明显,南部六盘山区域和西北边缘贺兰山区较低,中部半干旱区和北部引黄灌区较高;宁夏地区PM10浓度年均值为100 μg·m-3,区域内年均值分布范围在76~127 μg·m-3;年内季节差异明显,冬季最高,春季次之,夏季最低;从时间变化趋势上看,2013—2016年总体呈下降趋势,下降趋势为每年15.8μg·m-3;区域间差异呈减少趋势,PM10浓度年均值区域方差下降速率为每年2.8 μg·m-3。  

关键词: 原始阔叶红松林, 二元分布, 混交度, 空间结构

Abstract: To clarify the changes of atmospheric environment in Ningxia since 2013, PM10 concentration over Ningxia from 2013 to 2016 was retrieved using a geographically weighted regression procedure based on satellite remote sensing, meteorological data and ground-based PM10observation data. Results showed an obvious spatial variation of PM10 concentration in Ningxia, with much higher in the middle semiarid regions and along Yellow River areas and much lower in the southern and northwest mountain regions. The yearly averaged PM10 concentration from 2013 to 2016 over whole Ningxia ranged from 76 to 127 μg·m-3, with a mean value of 100 μg·m-3. There were seasonal differences of PM10 concentration, with high values in winter (129 μg·m-3) and spring (116 μg·m-3) and low values in autumn (92 μg·m-3) and summer (68 μg·m-3). The interannual variation of PM10 concentrations over Ningxia showed a decrease trend from 2013 to 2016, with a decrease rate of 15.8 μg·m-3 per year. However, the differences of PM10 concentration among different regions of Ningxia had decreased as indicated by the decreases of spatial standard deviation from 14.8 μg·m-3 in 2013 to 6.5 μg·m-3 in 2016, with a decrease rate of 2.8 μg·m-3 per year.

Key words: mingling state, spatial structure, bivariate distribution., primary mixed broadleaved Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forest