荒漠草原带盐碱地优势植物生态位与种间联结

生态学杂志

荒漠草原带盐碱地优势植物生态位与种间联结

张东梅^1,2,赵文智^1*,罗维成¹

(¹中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，中国生态系统研究网络临泽内陆河流域研究站，中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室，兰州 730000；²中国科学院大学，北京 100049)

出版日期:2018-05-10 发布日期:2018-05-10

Niche and interspecific association of dominant plant species in saline-alkaline soils ofdesert steppe zone.

ZHANG Dong-mei^1,2, ZHAO Wen-zhi^1*, LUO Wei-cheng¹

(¹Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Key Laboratory ofInland River Basin Ecohydrology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; ²University of Chinese Academy ofSciences, Beijing 100049, China).

Online:2018-05-10 Published:2018-05-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 盐碱地是荒漠草原带常见的生境类型之一。本文采用生态位测度、方差比率法、基于2×2列联表的χ²检验和Ochiai指数的方法，研究了位于荒漠草原带的陕西定边花马池盐湖附近植物群落中26个优势物种、325个种对间水、盐梯度下生态位和种间关联性，探讨了生态位重叠与种间关联性的关系。结果表明：（1）在土壤水、盐梯度上，细枝盐爪爪（Kalidium gracile）、黄毛头（Kalidium cuspidatum）和碱蓬（Suaeda glauca）生态位宽度值均较大，为荒漠草原带盐碱地的主要建群种。（2）生态位较窄的物种之间生态位重叠值较高，共同竞争有限的资源；生态位较宽的物种之间生态位重叠值相对较高，存在竞争关系；而盐角草（Salicornia europaea）和盐地碱蓬（Suaeda salsa）生态位均较宽，但与其他物种重叠程度较低，竞争较弱。（3）优势物种总体联结性为极显著的正联结，但Ochiai指数大于0.6的种对数只占总种对数的17.85%，表明该群落处于相对稳定的演替阶段，但种间关联程度不紧密。（4）土壤水、盐梯度上的生态位重叠值均与Ochiai指数呈极显著的正相关关系，且盐分梯度上相关程度高于水分梯度，但仅通过生态位重叠与联结指数的回归关系难以完全揭示种间联结的内在机制。

关键词: 温带阔叶红松林, 总初级生产量, 通量观测, 3PG模型, 模型结构优化

Abstract: Saline-alkaline soil is one of the common habitat types in desert steppe zone. Studying species niche and interspecific association is important for scientific management of salinealkaline ecosystems and vegetation recovery. Here, we analyzed interspecific association and niche among 26 dominant species along the gradient of soil moisture and salinity near the Huamachi saline lake in desert steppe zone in Dingbian County, Shaanxi Province. We discussed the relationship between niche overlaps and interspecific association. Methods used in this study included niche breadth, niche overlap, variance ratio method, χ²test and Ochiai index based on a 2×2 contingency table. The results showed that: (1) Across the soil moisture and salinity gradient, Kalidium gracile, Kalidium cuspidatum and Suaeda glaucahad the higher niche breadths than other species. Thus, those species were the constructive species in saline-alkaline soil of desert steppe zone. (2) The species with lower niche breadth had larger niche overlap, and competed the limited resources. The species with higher niche breadth had relatively larger niche overlap. Some species, such asSalicornia europaea and Suaeda salsa, had relatively higher niche breadth, but had lower niche overlap with a few species, indicating weak competitionbetween them. (3) Macro association was significantly positively correlated among 26 dominant species, whereas species pairs with Ochiai index greater than 0.6 only accounted for 17.85% of total species pairs. This result indicated that the plant community was in a relatively stablesuccession status, and that interspecific association degree was not close. (4) Ochiai index was significantly positively correlated with niche overlap along the soil moisture and salinity gradients, with a stronger correlation existed between Ochiai index and niche overlap along the salinity gradient. However, it was difficult to reveal completely the inherent mechanism of interspecific association through the regression relationship between niche overlap and Ochiaiindex.

Key words: temperate broadleaved Korean pine forest., gross primary productivity, flux observation, physiological principles in predicting growth model, model structure optimization

张东梅,赵文智,罗维成. 荒漠草原带盐碱地优势植物生态位与种间联结[J]. 生态学杂志.

ZHANG Dong-mei, ZHAO Wen-zhi, LUO Wei-cheng. Niche and interspecific association of dominant plant species in saline-alkaline soils ofdesert steppe zone.[J]. cje.