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铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻对铵态氮的响应

代亮亮1,2,郭亮亮1,2,李露1,2,周维成3,李根保1*   

  1. (1中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室, 武汉 430072; 2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049; 3湘南学院化学与生命科学系, 郴州 423000)
  • 出版日期:2017-08-10 发布日期:2017-08-10

The responses of two algal species, Microcystis aeruginosa and Scendesmus quadricauda to ammonium.

DAI Liang-liang1,2, GUO Liang-liang1,2, LI Lu1,2, ZHOU Wei-cheng3, LI Gen-bao1*#br#   

  1. (1State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China).
  • Online:2017-08-10 Published:2017-08-10

摘要:

为探讨铵态氮在藻类种群演替中的作用,采用纯培养和共培养的方法,研究了铵态氮对铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻生长、生理和细胞形态的影响。结果表明:在纯培养条件下,5.0~20 mg·L-1的铵态氮浓度适宜于铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻的生长,但铜绿微囊藻比四尾栅藻对铵态氮的响应更敏感;铵态氮浓度达到50 mg·L-1时,铜绿微囊藻的光合活性在第2天时由0.35降低至0.07,四尾栅藻的光合活性则在第4天时由0.63降低至0.47;随着培养时间和铵态氮浓度的增加,四尾栅藻色素体的损伤情况加剧;铵态氮浓度≥10 mg·L-1时,四尾栅藻易形成两细胞形态的结构,铵态氮浓度低于10 mg·L-1时,四尾栅藻易形成四细胞形态的结构;在共培养条件下,适宜四尾栅藻和铜绿微囊藻生长的铵态氮浓度范围分别是0.5~2.0和5.0~20 mg·L-1;铜绿微囊藻是喜高铵(5.0~20 mg·L-1)的藻类,控制铵态氮浓度在一个较低水平(≤2.0 mg·L-1)可以作为防治微囊藻水华发生的策略。
 

关键词: 冬小麦, 秸秆带状覆盖, 产量, 西北黄土高原, 土壤水温

Abstract: In order to explore the role of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) in the succession of algae communities, we studied the influence of ammonium nitrogen on growth, physiological characteristics and cellular morphology of Microcystis aeruginosa and Scendesmus quadricauda under monoculture and coculture in the laboratory. The monoculture experiments showed that the 5.0-20 mg·L-1 of ammonium nitrogen benefited the growth of M. aeruginosa and S. quadricauda. However, M. aeruginosa was more sensitive to ammonium nitrogen than S. quadricauda. When the ammonium concentration reached 50 mg·L-1, the photosynthetic activity of M. aeruginosa declined from 0.35 to 0.07 on the second day, while that of S. quadricauda declined from 0.63 to 0.47 on the fourth day. With the increase of cultivation period and ammonium concentration, the damage of the plastid of S. quadricauda was aggravated. The twocelled S. quadricauda was more likely to be generated at ammonium concentration equal to or greater than 10 mg·L-1, whereas the fourcelled S. quadricauda was more likely to be generated at ammonium concentration less than 10 mg·L-1. The coculture experiment showed that the 0.5-2.0 mg·L-1 of ammonium was beneficial to the growth of S. quadricauda while 5.0-20 mg·L-1 was beneficial to the growth of M. aeruginosa. These results showed that M. aeruginosa was fit to grow at the high concentration of ammonium nitrogen (5.0-20 mg·L-1), therefore, it may be a good strategy to keep ammonium at low levels (≤2.0 mg·L-1) for control of algal bloom of M. aeruginosa.

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