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树线对气候变化响应的研究进展

付玉1,韩用顺1,张扬建2**,陶健2   

  1. (1湖南科技大学建筑与城乡规划学院, 湖南湘潭 411201; 2中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101)
  • 出版日期:2014-03-10 发布日期:2014-03-10

Research progress on treeline response to climate change.

FU Yu1,HAN Yong-shun1,ZHANG Yang-jian2**,TAO Jian2   

  1. (1Schools of Architecture and Urban Planning, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China)
  • Online:2014-03-10 Published:2014-03-10

摘要:

树线是对20世纪全球气候变暖响应最为敏感的地带之一。本文描述了树线的概念、特点以及树线的研究方法,并从树线对全球气候变化的响应方式这一角度对国内外有关树线的研究进行了回顾。已有的大部分研究表明,自20世纪以来,在全球气候变暖和降水增加的影响下,树线对气候变化的响应方式主要以树线上移为主,约占65%,包括斯堪的纳维亚山脉、比利牛斯山脉,以及极地乌拉尔山脉;树线附近树木密度增加的研究约占20%,主要包括斯堪的纳维亚山脉和极地乌拉尔山脉,该地冬季积雪为幼树生长提供了有利的环境;树线较稳定及略有后退的研究约占15%,主要是阿尔卑斯山脉。通过对以往研究的综述,本文总结了树线对气候变化响应的研究进展,并对今后的研究作了展望。
 

关键词: 土地利用变化, 土壤持水性能, 土壤水源涵养, 海南

Abstract: Treeline is one of the most obvious terrestrial ecosystem boundaries. Previous researches showed that treeline was sensitive to climatic change in the 20th century. In this paper, the concept and characteristics of treeline were first discussed. Then research advances in responses of treeline to climatic change were reviewed. Since the 20th century, the response of treeline to climatic change has exhibited as climbing along altitude, increased forest density in treeline zone, lowering downhill along altitude, and nonchange. Among the four forms, the climbing along altitude accounted for 65% of the summarized studies and they were located in the Scandinavian Mountains, the Pyrenees, and the Polar Ural Mountains. The increased density accounted for 20% of the summarized studies, which were identified in the Scandinavian Mountains and the Polar Ural Mountains. The lowering downhill and non-change accounted for 15% of the summarized studies. Lastly, the reasons causing the treeline change and the future research trends were discussed.

Key words: land use change, soil water holding capacity, soil water conservation, Hainan Island.