关键词: 土壤干层, 黄土旱塬区, 冬小麦, 土壤水库, 蒸散

Abstract: Latex from the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is a major source of natural rubber; however, the latex yield is limited by numerous factors. This study summarized the effects of climatic factors, soil nutrients, common diseases, tapping systems and techniques, clonal variety, and plantation management on the latex yield.  Temperature, precipitation and solar radiation are the three major climatic factors affecting latex yield; furthermore, these three factors have an additive effect on yield. The soil nutrients, i.e., nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium, have great effects on latex production. These nutrients can affect the rubber formation and latex flow through influencing the photosynthesis and mechanical stability. In addition, diseases and pests, tapping system and technology, rubber tree varieties, tree age, and management of rubber plantation all affect the latex yield. By analyzing the above factors and mechanisms synthetically, this study provides a theoretical reference for scientific research and practice of rubber production.

Key words: soil reservoir, soil desiccation., rain-fed area of the Loess Tableland, winter wheat, evapotranspiration