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四川省湿地水鸟资源现状与保护

李云1,2,韦毅2,董鑫1,黄燕1,王盼1,李程1,王彬2,李建国2,周材权1,2,3*   

  1. (1西南野生动物植物资源保护教育部重点实验室, 四川南充 637009; 2西华师范大学生态研究院, 四川南充 637009;3西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所, 四川南充 637009)
  • 发布日期:2020-06-10

The status and conservation of wetland birds in Sichuan Province.

LI Yun1,2, WEI Yi2, DONG Xin1, HUANG Yan1, WANG Pan1, LI Cheng1, WANG Bin2, LI Jian-guo2, ZHOU Cai-quan1,2,3*   

  1. (1Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resource Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China; 2Institute of Ecology, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China; 3Institute of Rare Animals and Plants, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China).
  • Published:2020-06-10

摘要: 为保护四川省湿地生境及生物多样性提供科学依据,于2014年12月至2018年12月对四川省湿地水鸟资源与栖息地进行了调查。在川西高原区、川西南山地区和四川盆地区共设置调查区域(点)27个。调查记录湿地水鸟141种,加上以前有记录而本调查没有记录到的24种,四川湿地鸟类共计165种。实地调查到的141种湿地鸟类隶属于11目、23科,分别占全国水鸟目、科、种的73.33%、65.71%和43.79%,其中国家一级保护鸟类7种,二级保护鸟类9种,四川省保护鸟类19种,CITES附录Ⅰ有3种,附录Ⅱ有8种。留鸟20种,夏候鸟23种,冬候鸟41种,旅鸟56种,迷鸟1种。区系组成包括古北界79种(59.57%)、东洋界33种(23.40%)、广布种29种(20.57%)。四川盆地区的物种数和种群数量最丰富,其次为川西高原区。四川盆地区与川西南山地区主要以冬候鸟和旅鸟为主,川西高原区则以夏候鸟为主。四川省湿地水鸟物种丰富,但人类活动导致湿地资源遭到破坏,影响了物种多样性,必须加强保护。

关键词: 径流总量控制率, 景观格局与过程, 海绵城市

Abstract: To provide scientific basis for protecting wetland habitats and biodiversity in Sichuan Province, we surveyed wetland birds and habitats in Sichuan Province during December 2014 to December 〖JP2〗2018. A total of 27 survey zones (sites) were set up in the West Sichuan Plateau Area,〖JP〗 Southwest Sichuan Mountains Area, and Sichuan Basin Area. A total of 141 species of wetland birds were recorded. With 24 species that were recorded in previous documentation but were not recorded in this study, there were a total of 165 wetland bird species in Sichuan Province. The 141 species recorded in this study belong to 23 families and 11 orders, accounting for 73.33%, 65.71%, and 43.79% of the number of order, family and species of wetland birds in China, respectively. Among these species, seven species were the first grade national protected animals in China, and nine species were the second grade national protected animals, 19 species were the provincial protected species. Three species were listed in appendix Ⅰ, and eight species were listed in appendix Ⅱ in CITES. There were 20 species of resident birds, 23 species of summer visitor birds, 41 species of winter visitor birds, 59 species of tourist birds, and one species of stray birds. Among those species, 79 species (59.57%) belonged to the Palearctic Realm component, 33 species (23.40%) to the Oriental Realm one, and other 29 species (20.57%) to the widespread one. The species number and population size were largest in the Sichuan Basin Area, followed by the West Sichuan Plateau Area. Winter birds and tourist birds were mainly found in the Sichuan Basin Area and the Southwest Sichuan Mountains Area, while summer birds were mainly found in the West Sichuan Plateau Area. Our results indicated that there were abundant species of wetland birds in Sichuan Province. However, human activities had been destroying wetlands and affected species biodiversity in wetlands. We should strengthen the protection of the habitats of wetland-birds.

Key words: landscape pattern and process., sponge city, control rate of total runoff