长江上游圆筒吻鮈生长与食性

生态学杂志

长江上游圆筒吻鮈生长与食性

熊星^1,3,李英文¹,田辉伍^2,3,贾向阳^1,3,段辛斌³,刘绍平³,陈大庆^3**

(¹重庆师范大学生命科学学院，重庆市动物生物学重点实验室，重庆 400047； ²西南大学生命科学学院，淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室，重庆 400715；³农业部长江中上游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站，中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所，武汉 430223）

出版日期:2013-04-10 发布日期:2013-04-10

Growth and feeding habits of Rhinogobio cylindricus Günther in the upper reaches of Yangtze River.

XIONG Xing^1,3, LI Ying-wen¹, TIAN Hui-wu^2,3, JIA Xiang-yang^1,3, DUAN Xin-bin³, LIU Shao-ping³, CHEN Da-qing^3**

(¹Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China; ²Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; ³Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China)

Online:2013-04-10 Published:2013-04-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2010年7月—2012年7月逐月在长江上游宜宾至万州江段采集圆筒吻鮈（Rhinogobio cylindricus Günther）样本547尾，以耳石为主要年龄鉴定材料，对其年龄结构与生长特性进行了研究，并对肠道内含物进行了分析。结果表明：耳石优于其他年龄材料，鉴定成功率为93.7%；圆筒吻鮈样本由7个年龄组组成，其中以2～4龄为主（79.89%），体长(L)与体重(W)的关系式为W=8×10^-6L^2.977（r²=0.955，P<0.01），体长(L)与耳石半径(R)关系式为L=8×10^-4R^2.149（r²=0.945，P<0.01）；Von Bertalanffy生长方程表达式为L_t=389.37（1-e^{-0.177(t+0.739)}），W_t=515.26（1-e^{-0.177(t+0.739)}）^2.977；体重生长拐点年龄为t_i=5.44龄；圆筒吻鮈全年摄食，主要食物为藻类、软体动物、水生昆虫等，从数量百分比看，藻类和软体动物居多（93.12%），从重量百分比看，藻类、软体动物、水生昆虫占主要（78.38%），为杂食性鱼类。与历史研究对比显示，圆筒吻鮈个体已出现小型化现象，但体重变化不大。对出现的过度捕捞状态，提出了合理的渔业资源保护建议。

关键词: 水氮互作, 微量注射灌溉, 水分利用效率, 氮肥利用率, 旱砂田

Abstract: A total of 547 specimens of Rhinogobio cylindricus were monthly collected from the upper reaches of Yangtze River from July 2010 to July 2012. By using otolith as identification material, the age structure and growth characteristics of the specimens were studied, and the feeding habits of the specimens were analyzed by their intestinal inclusions. As a material for identification, the otolith was better than the others, and the success rate was 93.7%. The R. cylindricu population consisted of 7 age classes, mainly between 2-4 years old (79.89%). The relationships between body weight and length and between body length and otolith radius could be expressed as W=8×10^-6L^2.977 (r²=0.955, P<0.01) and L=8×10^-4R^2.149 (r²=0.945, P<0.01), respectively, and the Von Bertalanffy growth equation was L_t=389.37(1-e^{-0.177(t+0.739)}) and W_t=515.26(1-e^{-0.177(t+0.739)})^2.977. The age inflection point of body weight was estimated at 5.44 years. Diet habit analysis showed that R. cylindricus preyed all the year, with the main foods being algae, mollusks, and aquatic insects. In terms of numerical percentage, the majority of the foods were algae and mollusks (93.12%); in terms of weight percentage, the majorities were algae, mollusks and aquatic insects (78.38%). According to the results of this study, R. cylindricus was an omnivorous fish species. As compared with previous studies, the R. cylindricus had individually miniaturized, but its body weight changed little. Some suggestions for fishery resources protection were proposed to cope with the over exploitation of the R. cylindricus.

Key words: water-nitrogen interaction, microjet irrigation, water use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, gravel-mulched field.

熊星1,3,李英文1,田辉伍2,3,贾向阳1,3,段辛斌3,刘绍平3,陈大庆3**. 长江上游圆筒吻鮈生长与食性[J]. 生态学杂志.

XIONG Xing1,3, LI Ying-wen1, TIAN Hui-wu2,3, JIA Xiang-yang1,3, DUAN Xin-bin3, LIU Shao-ping3, CHEN Da-qing3**. Growth and feeding habits of Rhinogobio cylindricus Günther in the upper reaches of Yangtze River.[J]. cje.

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