耕作方式对中小型土壤动物多样性影响

生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (09): 2371-2377.

耕作方式对中小型土壤动物多样性影响

战丽莉^1,2,许艳丽^1**,张兴义¹,潘凤娟¹,裴希超³,刘振宇⁴

(¹中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所黑土区农业生态院重点实验室，海伦农田生态系统国家野外观测研究站，哈尔滨 150081；²中国科学院研究生院，北京 100049； ³黑河出入境检验检疫局，黑龙江黑河 164300； ⁴黑龙江省农业科学院植物脱毒苗木研究所，哈尔滨 150086)

出版日期:2012-09-10 发布日期:2012-09-10

Effects of tillage mode on the diversity of soil meso- and micro-fauna.

ZHAN Li-li^1,2, XU Yan-li^1**, ZHANG Xing-yi¹, PAN Feng-juan¹, PEI Xi-chao³, LIU Zhen-yu⁴

(¹Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, National Observation Station of Hailun Agroecology System, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China; ²Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; ³Heihe EntryExit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Heihe 164300, Helongjiang, China; ⁴Institute of Virusfree Seedling Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China)

Online:2012-09-10 Published:2012-09-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨耕作方式对中小型土壤动物群落结构及多样性的影响，选取中国科学院海伦农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站定位试验的5种耕作方式免耕、少耕、平翻耕作、组合耕作和旋耕为对象，采用改良干漏斗(Modified Tullgren)法分离0～15 cm土层中的中小型土壤动物，分析比较了不同耕作方式下中小型土壤动物的群落结构及分布特征。结果表明：不同耕作方式下中小型土壤动物群落结构及分布特征存在差异；高壳甲螨科和小甲螨科为5种耕作方式中共有的优势类群，传统耕作的旋耕和平翻耕作之间，保护性耕作的免耕和少耕之间中小〖JP2〗型土壤动物群落结构相似度高；组合耕作很好地保持了中小型土壤动物垂直分布的表聚特征，少耕下中小型土壤动物群落结构具有较高的Shannon指数、均匀度和优势度；耕作方式可影响中小型土壤动物群落结构，少耕和组合耕作等保护性耕作措施有利于中小型土壤动物群落结构的稳定，且保持了中小型土壤动物垂直分布的表聚特征。

关键词: 高山林线交错带, 分解速率, 凋落叶, 初始质量, 木质素/N

Abstract: To understand the effects of tillage mode on the community structure and diversity of soil meso- and micro-fauna, a field experiment was conducted at the National Observation Station of Agroecology System in Hailun of Northeast China. Five tillage modes including no tillage, reduced tillage, mold board tillage, combined tillage, and rotary tillage were chosen, and the modified Tullgren method were adopted to extract soil fauna from 0-15 cm soil layer, with the community structure and vertical distribution of soil meso- and micro-fauna analyzed. There existed differences in the community structure and vertical distribution of soil meso- and micro-fauna under different tillage modes. Liodidae and Oribatellidae were the dominant families under the five tillage modes, and the similarities of the community structure of soil meso- and micro-fauna were higher between moldboard plough and rotary tillage and between no tillage and reduced tillage. Combined tillage kept the surface accumulation of soil fauna. The diversity, evenness, and dominance of the soil fauna under reduced tillage were higher than those under other tillage modes. It was suggested that tillage mode could affect the community structure of soil meso- and micro-fauna, and conservation tillage (combined tillage and reduced tillage) could benefit the stability of soil faunal community structure and kept the surface accumulation of soil fauna in vertical distribution.

Key words: alpine timberline ecotone, decomposition rate, litter, initial quality, lignin/N.

战丽莉1,2,许艳丽1**,张兴义1,潘凤娟1,裴希超3,刘振宇4. 耕作方式对中小型土壤动物多样性影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2012, 31(09): 2371-2377.

ZHAN Li-li1,2, XU Yan-li1**, ZHANG Xing-yi1, PAN Feng-juan1, PEI Xi-chao3, LIU Zhen-yu4. Effects of tillage mode on the diversity of soil meso- and micro-fauna.[J]. cje, 2012, 31(09): 2371-2377.

[1]	段萱, 杨庆朋, 关欣, 张伟东, 陈波翰, 王娇, 赵峰侠. 12个亚热带树种凋落叶对模拟酸雨的缓冲性能及其控制因子 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(10): 2441-2448.
[2]	张晓曦, 周雯星, 王丽洁, 刘楚波, 米皓皓. 模拟氮沉降对凋落物早期混合分解中相互作用的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(9): 1708-1716.
[3]	王楠, 王义婧, 平琴, 徐胜, 李岩, 何兴元, 陈玮. 高浓度臭氧下银杏凋落叶的分解特征 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(9): 2727-2736.
[4]	余坦蔚, 葛志强, 严强, 李梦娇, 洪小敏, 陈甜, 胡亚林. 杉木人工林自然衰老叶和绿色叶凋落物分解对间伐强度和施肥的响应 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(6): 1589-1598.
[5]	赵晶晶, 李卓蔚, 许凌峰, 丁博, 郭冬琴, 周浓. 核桃凋落叶分解对滇重楼生理特性及药用品质的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(12): 3982-3989.
[6]	冯瑞芳,刘育伟,郭可馨,蓝丽英,谌亚,刘静如,谭波. 土壤节肢动物对箭竹凋落叶分解过程中酶活性的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(3): 775-785.
[7]	王晓荣,牛红玉,曾立雄,雷蕾,潘磊,胡文杰,肖文发. 不同营林措施对马尾松细根分解与养分释放的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(8): 2337-2345.
[8]	刘双双,王铭,董彦民,王升忠,韩园园,曹议文,徐志伟. 草丘微地貌对苔草泥炭沼泽枯落物分解的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(1): 95-102.
[9]	吴云超1,2,江志坚1,刘松林1,2,张景平1,连忠廉1,2,3,黄小平1*. 盐度对海菖蒲和泰来草凋落叶源CDOM光降解的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(3): 687-694.
[10]	邹敏,章守宇*,周曦杰. 温度和光照强度对海藻场瓦氏马尾藻碎屑分解的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(2): 428-435.
[11]	李英花1,2,3,周莉1,3*,吴健1,2,3,周旺明1,3,代力民1,3,卢正茂4,黄利亚5. 辽东落叶松人工混交林凋落物混合分解特征 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(11): 3049-3055.
[12]	路秀蓉1,刘婷1,王瑞1,王惠1*,段玉玺2. 外来入侵植物三裂叶豚草凋落叶分解对土壤线虫群落结构的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(9): 2369-2378.
[13]	苏丽丽1,付伟1,2,徐胜1,何兴元1**,陈玮1,赵诣1,黄彦青. 高浓度O₃对银杏凋落叶化学组成的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(10): 2757-2763.
[14]	周沉冤1,2,3,江志坚1,连忠廉1,2,4,张景平1,倪志鑫1,2,4,徐邦玉1,2,黄小平1**. 海南新村湾海草泰来藻凋落叶特征及其对网箱养殖的响应 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2014, 33(6): 1546-1552.
[15]	张腾达,陶建平**,王玉平. 两种生境下不同生活型植物凋落叶的持水特性 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2014, 33(2): 310-315.