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中国红树林与典型区红树林群落重心迁移特征及共性关系

何玉花1,2,张东水1*,邱炳文2*,李燕婷3,韩用顺1,刘贤赵1   

  1. (1湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院, 湖南湘潭 411201;2福州大学物理与信息工程学院, 福州 350002;3青海大学地质工程系, 西宁 810016)
  • 出版日期:2019-08-10 发布日期:2019-08-10

Gravity transfer characteristics and common relationships of mangroves in China and mangrove communities in typical area. 

HE Yu-hua1,2, ZHANG Dong-shui1*, QIU Bing-wen2*, LI Yan-ting3, HAN Yong-shun1, LIU Xian-zhao1   

  1. (1School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China; 2College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 3Department of Geological Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China).
  • Online:2019-08-10 Published:2019-08-10

摘要: 随着社会和经济的发展,红树林重心以及群落内部空间结构可能发生变化与调整。利用重心模型方法可以构建转移距离及方向,探索红树林及群落的重心空间转移特征及分布格局。本研究通过采用近25年多源、多时相遥感数据,利用GIS和遥感技术,提取了中国红树林信息,以及典型保护区漳江口的白骨壤、秋茄、桐花树、卡开芦和短叶茳芏信息。利用重心模型方法,从全局到局部,分析了中国红树林和典型保护区漳江口红树林群落的重心迁移特征与共性关系。结果表明:(1)红树林重心在东北方向上存在明显偏离,这种偏离主要体现在经度上,东西方向上不均衡。红树林重心主要位于入海口,且指向河网密集、经济繁荣的地区。(2)红树林群落重心受东南方向的主导作用,并指向群落高聚集区。红树林群落逐渐向北部和东部蔓延,重心表现出向北集聚的趋势。(3)省级红树林与典型区红树林群落重心迁移共性特征具有一致性、折回性和层次性,主要特征如下:红树林及群落的重心转移方向与海岸潮间带走向基本一致,且两者的轨迹方向指向受到良好波浪掩护的港湾或河口湾内;省级红树林及典型区红树林群落的重心分别在2005年和2011年后发生了不同程度的折回现象;典型区群落重心迁移在一定程度上属于省级红树林重心迁移的放大形势,前者反映了局部的内部结构特征,后者反映了全局的整体特征。研究有助于相关部门提出保护措施和方案,使红树林均衡、稳定、持续生长。

关键词: 小麦, 渍水, 产量, 分蘖, 灌浆

Abstract: With the development of society and economy, the gravity center and spatial structure of mangrove communities would change. The center of gravity model could be used to construct transfer distance and direction, and explore spatial transfer characteristics and distribution pattern of mangrove communities.  Multisource and multitemporal remote sensing data in past 25 years were used to extract information of mangrove forests in China and information of Avicennia marina, Kandelia obovata, Aegiceras corniculatum, Phragmites karka and Cyperus malaccensis in a typical reserve of Zhangjiang Estuary by GIS and remote sensing technology. With the center of gravity model, gravity transfer characteristics and common relations of mangroves in China and mangrove communities in the typical reserve of Zhangjiang Estuary were analyzed from whole to part perspective. The results showed that: (1) There was a clear deviation of mangrove center of gravity in the northeast direction. This deviation was mainly reflected in longitude, with an imbalance between the east and the west. Mangrove center of gravity was mainly located at the entrance to the sea, and pointed to the area where river network was dense and economic was prosperous. (2) Center of gravity of mangrove communities was dominated by the direction of southeast, pointing to high aggregation area of the mangrove communities. Mangrove communities gradually spread to northern and eastern areas. The center of gravity showed a trend toward the north. (3) The common characteristics of provincial-level mangrove forests and those in the typical area were of consistency, retraction and hierarchy. The main features were as follows: both directions of gravity transfer of mangrove forests and mangrove communities were basically consistent with the trend of coastal intertidal zone; the directions of track of the two pointed to the harbor or estuary bay covered well by waves; the center of gravity of provincial-level mangrove forests and those in the typical area had different degrees of retraction after 2005 and 2011, respectively. To a certain extent, the center of gravity transfer of mangrove communities in the typical area belonged to the enlarged situation of provincial-level mangrove gravity center transfer, with the former reflecting the local internal structure characteristics and the latter reflecting the overall characteristics. Our results would help management agencies to propose protective measures and plans for the balanced, stable and sustainable growth of mangrove.

Key words: wheat, waterlogging, yield, tillering, grain-filling.