人为干扰下的生态负效应研究综述

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在总结国内外生态效应概念基础上,指出生态效应研究应同时注重外在过程和内在机理两方面,前者主要指人类干扰引起的生态系统结构和功能的变化,后者则阐明生态系统变化的驱动力和规律等.对环境污染(水污染、土壤污染和大气污染)和生态破坏(公路建设、水电工程和土地利用/植被覆盖变化)引起的生态负效应研究进展进行评述,总结了当前研究中存在的问题,提出了人类行为干扰下生态负效应研究的发展趋势,即过程和机理综合研究和多尺度系统研究。

关键词: 黄土沟壑区, 狼牙刺群落, 优势种群, 生态位宽度, 生态位重叠

Abstract: Based on the summing up of the concepts of"ecological effect"at home and abroad,this paper pointed out that in researching ecological effects,both the extrinsic process and the intrinsic mechanism should be regarded.The extrinsic process includes the changes of the structure and function of ecosystems caused by anthropogenic disturbance,while the intrinsic mechanism contains the relationships of ecological disturbance with its driving forces,and with the dynamics of ecological changes(environmental pollution and ecological deconstruction).The negative ecological effects caused by environmental pollution(water,soil and air pollutions)and ecological deconstruction(road building,hydroelectricity dam construction,and land use/cover change)were reviewed,and the present problems and further research topics(comprehensive research of extrinsic process and intrinsic mechanism,systematic multi-scale research,etc.)were put forward in light of available information.

Key words: Sophora davidii community, Dominant population, Niche breadth, Niche overlap, Loess gully region

中图分类号:

X171.1

刘杰, 杨志峰, 崔保山, 董世魁, 姚维科. 人为干扰下的生态负效应研究综述[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005, (11): 1317-1322.

LIU Jie, YANG Zhifeng, CUI Baoshan, DONG Shikui, Yao Weike. Negative ecological effects caused by anthropogenic disturbance:A research review[J]. cje, 2005, (11): 1317-1322.

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