关键词: 土壤呼吸速率, 生长季节, 温度, 土壤水分, 牧坡草地, 黑河流域

Abstract: The species and visiting behavior of flowervisiting insects on Chrysanthemum morifolium- were investigated during flowering period in Chrysanthemum Germplasm Resource Preserving Center of China. There were 32 flowering-visiting species of C. morifolium, belonging to Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Hemiptera. The species of flowervisiting insects differed-among- different months, and the morphology, flower-visiting motive, and flower-visiting behavior of the insects also differed with their species. Apis mellifera was the main pollinator, which had a large population and an average visiting frequency of 16 flowers per minute. On sunny days, the visiting frequency of A. melliferaand Vanessa indica was significantly positively correlated with temperature (r=0.876 and 0.887, respectively); while temperature sudden dropping, cloud, and rain had definite effects on the species number and individual quantity of flowervisiting insects. Field observation further showed that at different time in the same day, the visiting frequency of flowervisiting insects to C. morifolium inflorescences was different, with the highest from 11:00 to 13:00.

Key words: Soil respiration rate, Growth season, Temperature, Soil moisture, Sloping pasture, Heihe River basin