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基于综合权重法的青岛市湿地生态安全评价

李悦1,袁若愚1,刘洋2,郗敏1,孔范龙1*   

  1. 1青岛大学环境科学与工程学院, 山东青岛 266071;2潍坊工程咨询院有限公司, 山东潍坊 261000)
  • 出版日期:2019-03-10 发布日期:2019-03-10

Ecological security evaluation of wetlands in Qingdao based on the comprehensive weighting method.

LI Yue1, YUAN Ruo-yu1, LIU Yang2, XI Min1, KONG Fan-long1*   

  1. (1College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China; 2Weifang Engineering Consulting Institute Co., Ltd., Weifang 261000, Shandong, China).
  • Online:2019-03-10 Published:2019-03-10

摘要: 基于压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型构建了青岛市湿地生态安全评价指标体系,利用综合权重法确定权重,并通过指标综合指数对青岛市湿地生态安全进行评价。结果表明:青岛市全市湿地生态安全综合指数为61.63,处于低水平的安全状态。人口增长、区域开发、水耗增加是湿地压力的主要来源;湿地景观良好,抗压和自我调节能力较强,总体状态较好;但环保科技投入总体相对较低,产业优化升级速度较慢。青岛市各区市湿地生态安全综合指数排序为:胶州市>黄岛区>平度市>市区>即墨区>莱西市>崂山区>城阳区。胶州市、黄岛区和平度市湿地处于安全状态,其他区域处于临界安全的状态。以国家级湿地公园为代表的城市湿地生态功能区划分有利于湿地的管理和保护,是决定区域湿地生态安全的重要因素;而人口和开发压力大,水耗严重,则直接降低了湿地生态安全。建议通过划定青岛市湿地保护红线、加速产业优化转型、加大环保科技投入等三方面提高青岛市湿地生态安全。

关键词: 城市污泥, 化肥, 通菜, 水稻土, 邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)

Abstract: Based on the pressure-state-response model, we constructed an index system and assessed the ecological security of wetlands in Qingdao using a composite index. The comprehensive weighting method was used to quantify the weight of each index.The results showed that the ecological security comprehensive index of wetlands in Qingdao was 61.63, suggesting a low level of security. Population growth, regional development, and increased water consumption were the major pressure on wetlands. The overall condition of wetlands was good, with relatively good landscape and strong resistance and selfregulation ability. The investments in the technology and environmental protection were relatively low, and the industry optimization and upgrade was slow. The ecological security comprehensive index of wetlands in Qingdao decreased in the order of Jiaozhou > Huangdao > Pingdu > Urban > Jimo > Laixi > Laoshan > Chengyang. The wetlands in Jiaozhou, Huangdao and Pingdu were at a safe state, whereas wetlands in other areas were at a state of threshold safety. The urban ecological function regionalization represented by national wetland parks was helpful to the management and protection of wetlands, which was an important factor affecting ecological security of wetlands. The high population, development pressure, and high water consumption directly reduced the ecological security of wetlands. Therefore, we suggest to improve the ecological safety of wetlands in Qingdao by delimiting red line of wetland conservation, accelerating transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and increasing the investment in the technology and environmental protection.

Key words: Municipal sludge, Chemical fertilizers, Ipomoea aquatica, Paddy soil, Phthalic acid esters (PAEs)