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晋西北黄土高原沟壑区不同乔木类型土壤水分变化

张敏1,牛俊杰1,2**,梁海斌1,史建伟1,郭彪3   

  1. (1山西大学黄土高原研究所, 太原 030006; 2太原师范学院, 太原 030012; 3山西大学环境与资源学院, 太原 030006)
  • 出版日期:2014-09-10 发布日期:2014-09-10

Changes in soil water under different macrophanerophyte covers in the gully region of Loess Plateau in northwest Shanxi.

ZHANG Min1, NIU Jun-jie1,2**, LIANG Hai-bing1, SHI Jian-wei1, GUO Biao3   

  1. (1Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; 2 Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030012, China; 3 College of Environment and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China)
  • Online:2014-09-10 Published:2014-09-10

摘要:

黄土高原沟壑区乔木截留蓄水、保持水土的作用在生态恢复重建中有着更加持久的意义。采用土钻法、烘干法对晋西北五寨县青杨(Populus cathayana)、旱柳(Salix matsudana)和油松(Pinus tabuliformis)3种典型乔木类型样地0~600 cm土壤水分动态进行了研究。结果表明:植物生长初期(4—5月),不同乔木类型土壤水分变化特征差异明显,土壤水分含量平均值为青杨>旱柳>油松;土壤水分随着土层深度的增加呈先上升后逐渐降低最后趋于稳定的趋势;3种不同乔木类型土壤干层情况由重到轻依次表现为油松>旱柳>青杨;3种不同乔木类型在不同土层中土壤含水量变异系数关系不同,在0~100 cm、400~500 cm处,油松>青杨>旱柳;在100~200 cm、500~600 cm处各乔木类型的土壤含水量变异系数关系表现为旱柳>青杨>油松;在200~400 cm的中层土壤,表现为青杨>旱柳>油松;结合乔木对土壤水量平衡和区域水循环的影响,研究区3种典型乔木均不能很好地适应晋西北黄土高原沟壑区半干旱的环境。

 

关键词: 水分来源, 北京山区, 群落, 氢氧同位素

Abstract: Macrophanerophytes play an important role in soil and water conservation in the gully region of Loess Plateau. In this study, the moisture dynamics of soils covered with three macrophanerophytes of Populus cathayana, Salix matsudana, and Pinus tabuliformis in Wuzhai, Northwestern Shanxi were investigated by soil drilling and drying methods. Results showed that the soil moisture in the 0-600 cm depth had great differences among the three macrophanerophytes during the early growing season (April to May). The soil moisture of the three macrophanerophytes was in order of: P. cathayana > S. matsudana > P. tabuliformis. Soil moisture in profile of the three macrophanerophytes in 0-600 cm increased initially, then gradually reduced, finally stabilized with increasing the soil depth. The degree of drought of the soil layer among the three macrophanerophytes types was in the order: P. tabuliformis > S. matsudana > P. cathayana. Coefficients of variation of soil moisture contents of the three macrophanerophytes varied in different depth ranges: P. tabuliformis > P. cathayana > S. matsudana in depths of 0-100 cm and 400-500 cm, S. matsudana > P. cathayana > P. tabuliformis in depths of 100-200 cm and 500-600 cm, and P. cathayana > S. matsudana > P. tabuliformis in depths of 200-400 cm. Concerning with the influence of macrophanerophytes on the soil water balance and the regional hydrological cycle, the three macrophanerophytes were unsuitable in the gully region of Loess Plateau.

Key words: water source, community, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, Beijing mountainous area