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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (06): 1461-1467.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

番茄灰霉病拮抗内生放线菌的筛选、鉴定及其活性评价

徐大勇,李峰**   

  1. (淮北师范大学生命科学学院, 资源植物生物学安徽省重点实验室, 安徽淮北 235000)
  • 出版日期:2012-06-09 发布日期:2012-06-09

Screening, identification, and activity assessment of endophytic actinomycetes from tomatoplants against Botrytis cinerea.

XU Da-yong, LI Feng**   

  1. (Anhui Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Biology, School of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, Anhui, China)
  • Online:2012-06-09 Published:2012-06-09

摘要: 对安徽省淮北市番茄植株根、茎、叶中内生放线菌进行了分离、筛选,并测定了其抑菌活性。结果表明: 番茄根、茎和叶中的内生放线菌的数量分别为5.66×104、0.67×104和0.39×104 CFU·g-1鲜重。根据分离部位和表型特征,从健康番茄植株体内分离到93株内生放线菌,通过对峙实验,筛选到7株对番茄灰霉病菌有拮抗作用的菌株,占所分离内生放线菌总数的7.5%。来自根组织中的菌株HNU-EA27的抑菌效果最佳,抑菌圈直径达28.3 mm。根据形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特性、细胞壁组分和16S rDNA序列分析,将菌株HNU-EA27鉴定为毒三素链霉菌(Streptomyces toxytricini)。室内测定菌株HNU-EA27发酵滤液对灰霉病菌菌丝生长及分生孢子萌发的抑制作用,结果表明:菌株HNU-EA27发酵滤液可以抑制灰霉病菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发,且浓度越高,抑制能力越强;当发酵滤液浓度为30%时则完全抑制灰霉病菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发。盆栽防效试验结果表明:30%菌株HNU-EA27发酵滤液对番茄灰霉病的预防与治疗效果分别为80.6%和73.8%,均高于50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂600倍液。本研究表明,菌株HNU-EA27是防治番茄灰霉病潜在的优良生防菌株,具有良好的开发应用价值。

关键词: 环境问题, 城市代谢, 优化模式, 城市生态系统

Abstract: In this study, the endophytic actinomycetes in tomato plants in the farmlands in Huaibei City of Anhui Province were isolated and screened, and the bioactivities of the actinomycetes against pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea were determined. The population density of the actinomycete in the tomato roots, stems, and leaves were 5.66×104, 0.67×104, and 0.39×104 CFU·g-1 fresh weight, respectively. According to the isolation position and phenotype characteristics, a total of 93 endophytic actinomycete strains were isolated from different tissues of healthy tomato plants, and, by using dual culture technique, 7 strains with antagonistic activities against B. cinerea were screened, accounting for about 7.5% of the endophytic actinomycetes isolated. Among the 7 strains, the HNU-EA27 isolated from tomato roots had the best inhibition effect, with a formed inhibition zone of 28.3 mm. Based on the morphology, cultural characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties, chemotaxonomy, and 16S rDNA sequencing, the HNU-EA27 was identified as Streptomyces toxytricini.The culture filtrate of HNU-EA27 could inhibit the mycelium growth and spore germination of B. cinerea. The higher concentration the culture filtrate, the stronger the inhibition activity was. 30% culture filtrate of the HNU-EA27 could completely inhibit the mycelium growth and spore germination of B. cinerea. Pot experiment showed that the prevention efficiency and cure efficiency of 30% HNU-EA27 culture filtrate against tomato gray mould were 80.6% and 73.8%, respectively, being superior to those of the 600-fold dilution of 50% badistan. It was suggested that the strain HNU-EA27 could be valuable in the bio-control of tomato gray mould.

Key words: environmental problems, urban metabolism, prior modes, urban ecosystem.