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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (06): 1383-1389.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

“双季稻鸭”共生生态系统稻季磷循环

张帆1,2**,陈源泉2,高旺盛2   

  1. 1湖南省土壤肥料研究所, 长沙 410125; 2中国农业大学循环农业研究中心, 北京 100193)
  • 出版日期:2012-06-09 发布日期:2012-06-09

Phosphorus cycling in rice-duck mutual ecosystem in double cropping rice growth seasons.

ZHANG Fan1,2**, CHEN Yuan-quan2, GAO Wang-sheng2   

  1. (1Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha 410125, China; 2Circular Agriculture Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)
  • Online:2012-06-09 Published:2012-06-09

摘要: 稻鸭共生是对中国传统农业稻田养鸭的继承与发展。在长江流域双季稻主产区湖南布置了稻田养鸭田间对比试验,以常规稻作为对照,采用投入产出法,分析“稻鸭共生”生态系统P的输入输出及循环情况。结果表明:“早稻鸭”共生生态系统P输出为52.28 kg·hm-2,其中鸭产品P为1.71 kg·hm-2;“晚稻鸭”共生生态系统P输出为8324 kg·hm-2,其中鸭产品P为6.17 kg·hm-2;在早、晚稻两季,“稻鸭共生”系统在目前的P养分投入水平下,降低了土壤P的亏缺量;鸭子系统P输入主要来自系统外投入的饲料P;鸭粪P在系统内循环利用,两季循环率分别为12.5%和13.5%;两季稻作后,“稻鸭共生”土壤截存的P量为195.41 kg·hm-2,比常规稻作显著提高了36.9%;“稻鸭共生”可对稻田土壤增加鸭粪P为17.75 kg·hm-2

关键词: 主场效应, 微生物生物量碳, 微生物生物呼吸, 微生物代谢熵

Abstract: Rice-duck mutualism is the development of raising duck in rice field in Chinese traditional agriculture. In this study, a field experiment of raising duck in rice field was conducted in a double cropping rice region of Hunan Province from May to October 2010, and an input-output analysis was made to analyze the phosphorous (P) cycling in the riceduck mutual ecosystem, taking a conventional rice field as the control. Neither pesticides nor herbicides were applied throughout the growth period of rice in the riceduck mutual ecosystem. In the early rice-duck mutual ecosystem, the P output was 52.28 kg·hm-2, of which, the P output from duck was 1.71 kg·hm-2; in the late rice-duck mutual ecosystem, the P output was 83.24 kg·hm-2, of which, the P output from duck was 6.17 kg·hm-2. During the double cropping rice growth seasons, the P inputs of the rice-duck mutual ecosystem decreased the P deficit in soil subsystem. The P input of duck subsystem mainly came from feed P, and the cycling rate of duck feces P in the mutual ecosystem in early rice and late rice growth seasons was 12.5% and 13.5%, respectively. After late rice harvesting, the P sequestration in soil was 195.41 kg·hm-2. In contrast with conventional rice, riceduck mutualism decreased the deficit of soil P, while increased the soil P sequestration by 36.9%. This study provided reference for further development and utilization of rice-duck mutualism in this country.

Key words: home-field advantage, microbial biomass carbon, microbial respiration, microbial metabolic quotient.