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经济-环境系统的物质流分析

邢芳芳;欧阳志云;杨建新;郑华;罗婷文   

  1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
  • 收稿日期:2006-05-18 修回日期:2006-11-17 出版日期:2007-02-10 发布日期:2007-02-10

Material flow analysis for economic-environmental system

XING Fang-fang; OUYANG Zhi-yun; YANG Jian-xin; ZHENG Hua; LUO Ting-wen   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental
    Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
  • Received:2006-05-18 Revised:2006-11-17 Online:2007-02-10 Published:2007-02-10

摘要: 经济系统和自然环境通过物质与能量流动相互联系,而物质流与能量流的失衡是环境问题产生的关键原因。物质流分析通过追踪、估算物质在经济环境系统中的输入、输出和贮存,为物质减量化和可持续发展提供科学依据。元素流分析(substance flow analysis, SFA)和物质流核算与分析(material flow accounting and analysis, MFA)是物质流分析的2种主要方法。SFA追踪特定元素或化合物的流动过程,识别环境问题和潜在的解决途径;而MFA通常把经济系统当作“黑箱”,分析其物质吞吐量。本文从物质流分析的发展和应用研究等方面对SFA和MFA进行了详细的描述,并分析比较了两者间的异同,同时对物质流分析今后的研究重点进行了讨论。

关键词: 枣园, 枣瘿蚊, 草间小黑蛛, 空间分布格局, 地统计学

Abstract: Economy and environment are linked by material and energy flow, while the imbal-ance of the flow is the key cause inducing environmental problems. Through tracing and est-imating the material input, output and stock within economicenvironmental system, material flow analysis can provide a scientific guide to dematerialization and sustainable development. Substance flow analysis (SFA), and material flow accounting and analysis (MFA) are the main types of material flow analysis. SFA tracks the flows of specific substances (e . g ., elements or compounds), often with the intent of identifying environmental problems and seeking for pot-ential solutions, while MFA usually regards economic system as a “black box” and analyzes its material throughput. In this review, a detailed description was made on SFA and MFA, and their similarities and differences in methodology and application were analyzed, with the future res-earch directions of material flow analysis discussed.

Key words: Jujube orchard, Contarinia sp, Erigonidium graminicola, Spatial distribution pattern, Geostatistics