栽培模式、施氮和品种对冬小麦冠层结构和产量的影响

生态学杂志

• 研究报告 • 下一篇

栽培模式、施氮和品种对冬小麦冠层结构和产量的影响

任书杰^1,2,4;李世清^1,3;王全九²;李生秀³

¹中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌 712100;
²中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101；
³西北农林科技大学资源环境学院，杨凌 712100；
⁴中国科学院研究生院，北京 100039

收稿日期:2006-03-14 修回日期:2006-09-01 出版日期:2006-12-10 发布日期:2006-12-10

Effects of cultivation mode, nitrogen fertilization, and cultivar on winter whea t canopy parameters and grain yields in sub-humid area

REN Shujie^1,2,4;LI Shiqing^2,3;WANG Quanjiu²;LI Shengxiu³

¹State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China;
²Institute of Geographica l Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
³College of Resource and Environmental Science, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China;
⁴Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China

Received:2006-03-14 Revised:2006-09-01 Online:2006-12-10 Published:2006-12-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在黄土高原南部半湿润易旱区土垫旱耕人为土上进行大田试验，研究氮肥、品种和栽培模式对冬小麦叶面积指数（LAI）和透光率（DIFN）及产量的影响。结果表明，小麦生长过程中LAI先增大后减小，在开花期最大，成熟期最小，施氮能够显著增加LAI；DIFN的变化规律与LAI相反。不同品种间LAI和DIFN差异显著。全程覆膜和覆膜150 d的LAI极显著大于常规栽培、集雨面栽培和三密一稀栽培模式，DIFN与此相反；施氮后籽粒产量极显著增加。在不同栽培模式下，以全程覆膜、覆膜150 d和集雨面栽培模式的产量较高，但从维持土壤质量角度考虑，则覆膜150 d和集雨面2种栽培模式优于其它几种栽培模式；从冠层结构特征分析，这2种栽培模式更有利于增加群体光合能力。

关键词: 林带, 林带方向, 带间距离, 林带结构, 配置

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted on the Earth-Cumulic-Orthic Anthrosols in south Loess Plateau to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilization, cultivar,and cultivation mode on the leaf area index (LAI), diffuse non-interceptance (DIFN), and grain yield of winter wheat. The results showed that during the growth period, LAI increased first and decreased then, which was the highest in flowering but the lowest in maturing stage. Nitrogen fertilization improved the LAI sign ificantly. DIFN had a change pattern reverse to LAI. There were significant diff erences in LAI and DIFN among cultivars. The LAI under plastic-film mulching fo r whole growth period (PFMW) and plastic-film mulching for 150d (PFMD) was significantly higher than that under other three cultivation modes, while DIFN was in reverse. Nitrogen fertilization increased grain yield significantly. The grain yield under PFMW, PFMD, and rainfall harvest cultivation was higher than that under other two cultivation modes, but from the viewpoints of grain yield, canopy parameters, and soil quality, PFMW and PFMD were better than the other three cultivation modes.

Key words: Shelterbelt/windbreak, Direction of shelterbelt, Spacing interval between shelterbelts, Shelterbelt structure, Arrangement

任书杰;李世清;王全九;李生秀. 栽培模式、施氮和品种对冬小麦冠层结构和产量的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

REN Shujie^1,2,4;LI Shiqing^2,3;WANG Quanjiu²;LI Shengxiu³. Effects of cultivation mode, nitrogen fertilization, and cultivar on winter whea t canopy parameters and grain yields in sub-humid area [J]. cje.

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栽培模式、施氮和品种对冬小麦冠层结构和产量的影响

Effects of cultivation mode, nitrogen fertilization, and cultivar on winter whea t canopy parameters and grain yields in sub-humid area

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