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生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 4022-4030.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202012.028

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

温度和CO2浓度升高对甜椒光合生理和虫害发生的影响

王璐,张小琴,李萍,张东升,宗毓铮,郝兴宇*   

  1. (山西农业大学农学院, 山西太谷 030801)
  • 出版日期:2020-12-10 发布日期:2021-06-10

Effects of elevated temperature and \[CO2\] on photosynthetic physiology and pest occurrence of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

WANG Lu, ZHANG Xiao-qin, LI Ping, ZHANG Dong-sheng, ZONG Yu-zheng, HAO Xing-yu*   

  1. (College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China).
  • Online:2020-12-10 Published:2021-06-10

摘要: 全球温度和CO2浓度持续性升高对农业活动产生了显著影响。研究甜椒光合生理对气候变化的响应,可为甜椒等茄科蔬菜在应对未来气候变化的栽培管理措施及果实加工提供科学依据。本研究利用控制气室,采用盆栽试验研究模拟温度升高(常温+2 ℃)和CO2浓度升高(600 μmol·mol-1)下甜椒品种‘甜椒115’光合生理及虫害发生的响应。结果表明:温度和CO2浓度升高均可使甜椒净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、叶片蒸腾速率(Tr)和水分利用率(WUE)极显著增加,温度升高后胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)降低;升温可显著增加叶绿素a、叶绿素b的含量,而CO2浓度升高导致甜椒光合色素含量降低,温度和CO2浓度对甜椒果实Vc含量交互作用显著;温度与CO2浓度升高对甜椒产量(鲜重)无显著影响,但会影响其产量构成因素;温度和CO2浓度升高后甜椒蚜虫及其他虫害加重;温度和CO2浓度升高后,甜椒光合作用和水分利用率升高,促进其生长发育;同时后期虫害发生加剧,导致产量及地上部生物量无显著变化。

关键词: 甜椒, 光合作用, CO2浓度升高, 温度升高, 维生素C, 产量, 虫害

Abstract:

As global temperature and CO2 concentration continue to rise, global warming has a significant impact on agricultural activities. Understanding the photosynthetic physiology of sweet pepper in response to climate change can provide theoretical basis for the cultivation, management, and fruit processing of sweet pepper and other eggplant vegetables. A growth chamber experiment was conducted to study the response of photosynthetic physiology and pest occurrence in sweet pepper of the variety 115 to elevated temperature (current temperature +2 ℃) and high CO2concentration (600 μmol·mol-1). The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), leaf transpiration rate (Tr) and water use efficiency (WUE) of sweet pepper were significantly higher, while intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was decreased under higher temperature. Elevated temperature significantly increased chlorophyll a and b contents, while elevated CO2 concentration reduced the photosynthetic pigments content. Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration interacted to affect vitamin C content. Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration affected yield components but not fresh weight. Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration aggravated pest insect invasion. Photosynthesis and water use efficiency of sweet pepper was increased, with positive consequences on its growth and development. However, yield and aboveground biomass were not significantly changed due to the aggravation of insect pests in the later stage.

Key words: sweet pepper, photosynthesis, elevated \[CO2\], temperature rise, vitamin C, yield, insect pest.