Table of Content

10 April 1999, Volume 18 Issue 02

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A Study on Species Diversity of the Heptacodium miconioides Community in the Tiantai Mountain of Zhejiang Province

Jin Zexin

1999, (2):  1-4,35. 

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This paper discussed about species richness,species diversity index and evenness of higher plants of the Heptacodium miconioides community in the Tiantai Mountain of Zhejiang Province.The results showed that the species richness and species diversity index of the woody plants were obviously higher than those of the herbs, but there was no significant difference in the evenness. The relation between life form and species diversity of the plant showed that species richness and species diversity index of both the tree layer and shrub layer were higher than those of the herb layer. The difference of the evenness among the three layers not distinct. The diversity indexes of tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer was varied in the nine plots community. The variation in herb and shrub layer were significant, but relaively less in the tree layer.

Application of PCA and MST to Study Ecological Relationships among the Weeds in Autumn_Harvested Dry Crop Fields in Middle Zhejiang Province

Guo Shuiliang, Li Yanghan

1999, (2):  5-9. 

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In the autumn_harvested dry crop fields of Middle Zhejiang province,170 random sampling fields of 17 sites on different ecological conditions were surveyed in detail with seven scales by visualization of weed dominance and the weeds important value to autumn_harvested crops was obtained. The principal components analysis(PCA)and the method of minimal spanning tree(MST)were used to reveal the ecological similarity of 22 main weeds in autumn_harvested dry crop fields.The results showed that the ecological similarity among Digitaria sanguinalis,Setaria viridis,Eleusine indica,Cyperus iria,Cleome viscosa and Echinochloa crusgalli var. hispidula,Cynodon dactylon,Acalypha australis,Cyperus rotundus was high, while Mazus japonicus,Centipeda minima,Luwdigia prostrata,Lindernia antipoda,Mollugo pentaphylla and Eclipta prostrata had the similar ecological demands.The fast shift of weed populations under succesive application of a certain herbicide in a long peroid of time resulted from two factors:the different sensitivity of various weeds to the herbicides applied and the different ecological demands of the weeds in crop fields. Therefore, it is important to study the ecological demand difference among various weeds.

Study on Growth Characteristics of A Winter Host(Plagiomnium maximoviczii)of Horned Gall Aphid(Schlechtendalia chinensis)

Qiu Mingsheng, Zhao Zhimo

1999, (2):  10-12,29. 

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This paper presented the growth dynamics of Plagiomnium maximoviczii, which is the most suitable winter host moss of horned gall aphid, Schlechtendalia chinensis(Bell). The research results showed that the growth rate of P. maximoviczii varied with the environmental conditions. The mean temperature, relative humidity(RH)and precipitation of per 10-days are the main ecological factors affecting the growth rate of this moss.Compared with the tender branches, the older moss branches have more germination, although there is not significant difference in growth rate between them.

Ecological Distribution of the Soil Animals in the Taishan Mountain

Liu Hong, Yuan Xingzhong

1999, (2):  13-16. 

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Based on the investigation of the soil animals in four different habitats in Taishan mountains, 28 sorts of soil animals and 4055 individuals belonging to 6 phyla, 12 classes have been collected. The numbers of bath sorts and individuals of the soil animals in various sites have the following characters: Grassland>Pinus tabulaeformis forest>Robinia pseudoacacia forest>Platycladus orientalis. Every community has close relation to its own environmental conditions. Both the composition and structure have their own features. Moreover, individual number of the soil animals decreased with the deepening of the soil.

Standing Crops of the Iitterfall in the Succession Series of Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Tiantong, Zhejiang Province

Zhang Qingfei, Xu Rongdi

1999, (2):  17-21. 

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The standing crops of the litterfall in the succession series of evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong, Ningbo,Zhejiang Province were compared in this paper.The results showed that the standing crops of litters and duffs in the communities dominated by Pinus massoniana were relatively high at early stage during the course of succession and those of the broad-leaved forest communities increased as succession proceeded. Similarly, those of humus in the succession series distinctly increased and the total standing crops of the litterfall as well as the rates of decomposition of the litterfall also increased. It exhibited the similar variation pattern with annual litterfall amounts, implying that succession could promote the biological cycling. Furthermore, the variation pattern of the components of litters and duffs during the succession courses were also compared and analysed.

Climate Adaption of Herbages in the Drought Hill of Taihang Mountains

Cai Hong, Liu Jintong, Wang Jianjiang

1999, (2):  22-25. 

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The relationship between climate factors and growth of 11 kinds of herbages introduced in the drought hilly area of Taihang mountains was analysed. The results of adaption indecated that the grounth of Astragalus adsurgens Pall, Plat per(Eng.)and Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.was not very well, and the best adapted herbages were the grass family and pulse family such as Medicage sativa L.

An Experimental Studies on Mediating Growth of Poplar and Elm Mixed Farm Shelterbelt

Lin Heming, Fan Zhiping, Jiang Fengqi, Zhou Xinhua, Zhu Jiaojun, Sun Tiehan

1999, (2):  26-29. 

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The poplar is a main tree species of the farm shelterbelt in Northeast China. This farm shelterbelt with single tree species is easily caused plant diseases and insect pests . The mixed plantation usually result in restricting normal growth of some trees owing to different growth speed. The object of the experiment is poplar and elm mixed shelterbelt. Three mixed patterns and three dosage of nitrogenous fertilization were selected in the mediating growth experiment. The results showed that fitable afforestation pattern of poplar and elm mixed shelternet and rational nitrogenous fertilization dose could enhance elm growth, that was restricted because of the slow growth of young trees.The study provided the guide for the rational afforestation and management of poplar and elm mixed plantation.

Parentage Analysis of Natural Plant Populations and Its Applications in Ecology

Chen Xiaoyong

1999, (2):  30-35. 

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The advantages and drawbacks of three methods for parentage analysis, genetic exclusion, maximum likelihood assignment and fractional paternity assignment are disscussed. The applications of parentage analysis and progresses in multiple paternity identification and sibling competition, mating system, gene flow, and reproductive contribution are also reviewed.

The Degraded Processes and Features of Ecosystem

Bao Weikai, Chen Qingheng

1999, (2):  36-42. 

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Intensifying the researches on degraded ecosystem has been faced as pressing problem in China.In this paper,the factors of ecosystem degradation were analyzed,degraded processes and characteristics of ecosystem were expounded, and some problems about restoration and rehabilitation also were discussed. Disturbance induced by human has been the main force of degradation. According to the disturbance regimes and behaves of degradation, processes of ecosystem degradation have several models, namely, sudden degradation course, leap degradation course, gradual degradation course, continual degradation course and compex of several courses. For example, according to degraded extent the gradual degradation course could be divided into four steps with different degradation characteristics including biodiversity loss and declining, structural simplification, disintegration of food web,open of substance recycles, productivity decline,abnormality and some troubles of energy flow, losing or weakening abilities of environmental protection, and lowering of system stability . Based on differences of degradation processes and extent,the restoration and rehabilitation on different degraded ecosystem should have verious countermeasures. The restoration of biodiversity and system structure is the key and pathways of rehabilitation and restoration of the degradaed ecosystem.

A Study on Changes of Ecological Characters and Sustainability of Wetland Ecosystem

Cui Baoshan

1999, (2):  43-49. 

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The paper presents all kinds of changes of ecological character and reasons in wetland ecosystem, including changes in wetland area, water condition and quality, unsustainable exploitation of wetland products and introduction of alien species. The index of ecosystem sustainability were shown and measured. The paper also analyses the relationship between sustainability and ecosystem management and ecological restoration.

Quantity Equilibrium Formula between Rodent and Predator in Natural Ecosystem

Cheng Dingping, Qu Guosheng

1999, (2):  50-54. 

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A dynamic model consisting of the rodent and predator is proposed.The quantity equilibrium fomula between rodent and predator in natural ecologic system is deduced .And the formula can be used to show that the numerical and functional responses between rodent and predator are to maintain system's equilibrium.

Advances of Neighborhood Interference among Woody Plants

Zhang Yuexi, Zhong Zhangcheng

1999, (2):  55-59,66. 

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The research methods and achievements of neighborhood interference among woody plants since 1980s were reviewed from individual, population, community, metapopulation and modular levels. The prospects for study of neighborhood interference among woody plants in both theory and application were made.

Study on the Temperature of Thermal Tolerance of the Mullet Larva(Liza haematocheila)

Zhang Meiying, Hou Wenli, Sha Shaoguo

1999, (2):  60-62. 

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The temperature of thermal tolerance of the mullets larva(Liza haematocheila Temminck. et Schlegel.)was studied at laboratory.When the acclimated temperature was up to 25、31、34、36℃,the UILT₅₀ of the mullet larva was 36.8、37.5、38.5、38.8℃,and CTM was 40.8、41.7、42.5℃,respectively.The results showed both CTM and UILT₅₀ increased with the increase of the acclimated temperature, and all CTM were higher than UILT₅₀ .The highest range of the temperature of thermal tolerance of the larva was within 11.8℃。

Modification of Fumigation Extraction Method for Measuring Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon

Lin Qimei, Wu Yuguang, Liu Huanlong

1999, (2):  63-66. 

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Both K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂SO₄ additional heating method and the traditional K₂Cr₂O₇-HgO-H₂SO₄-H₃PO₄ method were used in measuring the carbon in soil K₂SO₄extract. It was found that the former method is much more safe,simple and fast than the later one.The results obtained by the K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂SO₄ additional heating method are also more accurate and precise than those by the traditional K₂Cr₂O₇-HgO-H₂SO₄-H₃PO₃ one .Thus,the K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂SO₄ additional heating method can be used in the routine analysis measurement of soil microbial biomass carbon.

The Project of Ecological Construction at Countryside and its Benefits in Jianyang City

Xiong Aiguo

1999, (2):  67-69,21. 

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Based on analysis of the main patterns of the project of ecological constructions at the countryside in Jianyang, the ecological, economic and social benefits of the project are dealt with.